Synergy effect between quaternary phosphonium ionic liquid and ammonium polyphosphate toward flame retardant PLA with improved toughness

Jia, Yun-Wan; Zhao, Xi; Fu, Teng; Li, Defu; Yan, Guo; Wang, Xiuli; Wang, Yu‐Zhong

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108192

Cited by 96 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Typically, APP can provide the acid source as well as blowing source, which are two fundamental factors in an intumescent flame‐retardant system 23,24 . Under high temperature, APP rapidly breaks down to polyphosphoric acid, which is a strong dehydrating agent to catalyze the char formation of charring agent on the organic matrix 25 . Meanwhile, a large amount of non‐combustible gas is released including water and ammonia to expand the char layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally induced fire early warning aerogel with efficient thermal isolation and flame‐retardant properties

Yuan

2021

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Due to the energy‐saving demands in chemical industries and building fields, thermal isolation materials (TIMs) are widely used. The general exploitation of combustible TIMs calls for timely fire alerts as well as flame‐retardant modifications. This work provides a novel paradigm to address the issues simultaneously by preparing a multifunctional aerogel via a facile and environmentally friendly freeze‐drying method. With the doping of ammonium polyphosphate and graphene oxide (GO), cellulose nanofiber‐based aerogel exhibits excellent thermal‐isolating as well as flame‐retardant properties. The composite aerogel displays flameless pyrolysis as well as increased residue char. A fire‐warning detector is designed to reliably monitor the early fire. Based on the flame‐induced electrical resistance transformation characteristic of GO, it endows the composite aerogel with an ultra‐fast fire‐response time of ~2.6 s and a durable alarm signal. The flame‐retardant and fire‐alarm mechanisms are concluded. Overall, these results suggest that this composite aerogel has an enticing prospect in chemical industries and high‐rise buildings, which may lay the foundation for designing multifunctional TIMs. The modified aerogel broadens its application territory by intrinsic fire‐alarm characteristics, which covers the deficiency of delaying reaction as well as restricted application scenarios in traditional fire detectors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally induced fire early warning aerogel with efficient thermal isolation and flame‐retardant properties

Yuan

2021

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…It can be seen that neat TPU burned seriously and a single peak appeared in HRR curve with a high pHRR value of 1198.5 kW/m 2 . The addition of the either APP or modified APP leaded to repressive HRR curves 23,24 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification on ammonium polyphosphate and its enhanced flame retardancy in thermoplastic polyurethane

Zhang

Wang

Sun

et al. 2021

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is an effective flame retardant in thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). In order to further enhance the flame retardant efficiency of APP, it was coated with graphene oxide (GO) and melamine formaldehyde (MF) successively, by using 5 wt% end product of MF‐GO@APP in TPU, the sample produced little dripping during burning and reached UL‐94V‐0 grade, peak smoke production rate was reduced from 0.132 m2/s in TPU to 0.051 m2/s, that was 61.4% decrease. Neat TPU burned out with little residue left, but by the help of 5 wt% MF‐GO@APP, 24.4 wt% of char was left. These results were tried to be analyzed as relative higher heat conductivity of GO, in heating GO transferred more heat to APP and MF, resulting in earlier degradation of APP and MF, the decomposed product of MF and APP cross‐linked together to form more compact char above substrate. MF‐GO@APP acted as an integrated intumescent flame retardant.

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“…Recent findings show that the development in flame-retardant additives has been developed rapidly and new trends were discovered. The use of Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) in order to boost the flame retardant properties has found to increase the fire properties in polymer-based composites [ 80 , 81 ]. In addition, a combination of APP with other flame retardants, such as expandable graphite, SiO 2 , or CaCO 3 [ 82 , 83 , 84 ], recorded to increase the effectiveness of fire retardancy.…”

Section: Combustion Mechanism and Flame Retardancy Of Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Composites Filled with Metal Derivatives: A Review of Flame Retardants

et al. 2021

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Polymer composites filled with metal derivatives have been widely used in recent years, particularly as flame retardants, due to their superior characteristics, including high thermal behavior, low environmental degradation, and good fire resistance. The hybridization of metal and polymer composites produces various favorable properties, making them ideal materials for various advanced applications. The fire resistance performance of polymer composites can be enhanced by increasing the combustion capability of composite materials through the inclusion of metallic fireproof materials to protect the composites. The final properties of the metal-filled thermoplastic composites depend on several factors, including pore shape and distribution and morphology of metal particles. For example, fire safety equipment uses polyester thermoplastic and antimony sources with halogenated additives. The use of metals as additives in composites has captured the attention of researchers worldwide due to safety concern in consideration of people’s life and public properties. This review establishes the state-of-art flame resistance properties of metals/polymer composites for numerous industrial applications.

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Synergy effect between quaternary phosphonium ionic liquid and ammonium polyphosphate toward flame retardant PLA with improved toughness

Cited by 96 publications

References 47 publications

Thermally induced fire early warning aerogel with efficient thermal isolation and flame‐retardant properties

Thermally induced fire early warning aerogel with efficient thermal isolation and flame‐retardant properties

Surface modification on ammonium polyphosphate and its enhanced flame retardancy in thermoplastic polyurethane

Polymer Composites Filled with Metal Derivatives: A Review of Flame Retardants

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