Synergic integration of desalination and electric vehicle loads with hybrid micro‐grid sizing and control: An Island Case Study

Abstract

This study addresses the feasibility, sizing, and scheduling of an island microgrid involving photovoltaic, wind turbine, diesel generator, and battery energy storage systems. In addition, the end-use demand is expanded beyond residential electricity loads, as the full electrification on domestic water supply and transportation, in the forms of desalination and electric vehicles (EVs), are proposed in this study with integration to a renewable energy system focused micro-grid. A mixed integer linear programming model is constructed to explore the mutual interactions of desalination plant, vehicle-to-grid enabled EVs and residential load deferring on a micro-grid. A case study in Bruny Island, Australia was incorporated in the study, based on the existing infrastructure and future planning. Multiple scenarios were run utilizing real-world, fine resolution time-series data. Results were compared to investigate the impact of the polygeneration configuration and potential economic savings on household affordability. Our study displayed the advantage of electrifying and integrating household resources into the micro-grid, such as transportation and water filtration. The integration created a greater diversity in electricity end-uses, allowed for better scheduling and Renewable System management. In addition, the cost-benefit analysis of stationary battery storage units was modeled against the other forms of energy storage, such as electric vehicles and seawater desalination plant, with findings suggesting the potential economic advantage of storage other than grid connected batteries in a residential precinct.

Vehicle-to-Water (V2W) Concept for Disaster Relief to Ensure Safe Access to Freshwater and Electricity—A Proposed System Where Electric Vehicles Power the Desalination Process

“…In addition, EV manufacturers have been part of projects on the energy need of stationary desalination plants (www.pv-magazine.com/2020/02/06/a-new-solar-desalination-system-to-address-waterscarcity/ (Accessed: 1 September 2021)). Moreover, stationary desalination plants, RES, and EVs with V2G in a microgrid for an island have been proposed [34]. However, to the best of our knowledge, the use of EVs, PV panels, and RO desalination in a combined mobile system has not been proposed before.…”

Utilization of electric vehicles in combined voltage‐frequency control of multi‐area thermal‐combined cycle gas turbine system using two degree of freedom tilt‐integral‐derivative controller

“…The implementation of ultrabattery 26 and redox flow batteries in deregulated 27 and conventional 28 LFC system is analyzed. The EVs along with other renewable sources are analyzed which unviels the efficacy 29,30 . After thorough study of the above literature, it seems that unified ALFC and AVR for EVs have not yet been studied, leading to further studies.…”

“…The EVs along with other renewable sources are analyzed which unviels the efficacy. 29,30 After thorough study of the above literature, it seems that unified ALFC and AVR for EVs have not yet been studied, leading to further studies.…”