Syndromes Related to Factitious Diseases

Hirsch, Mathias

doi:10.1159/000288905

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…Theoretical models for the explanation of underlying psychopathological mechanisms of self-harm and factitious disorders are often based on psychoanalysis [Eckhardt, 1994;Friedman et al, 1972;Sachsse, 1994]. These psychoanalytic perspectives understand self-harm to be the expression of an extremely negative aspect of the self, which is experienced as weak, impulsive, helpless, unworthy, and guilty and is identified with the body [Eckhardt, 1994;Hirsch, 1994;Sachsse, 1994]. Data to corroborate these concepts are regrettably scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients with Overt or Covert Self-Harm: Differences in Optimism and Self-Efficacy

Fliege¹,

Kocalevent²,

Rose³

et al. 2004

Dermatol Psychosom

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Background: Self-harming behavior seems to aim at reducing states of tension and/or reestablishing a sense of self-control. Following this assumption, it is hypothesized that self-destructive patients, especially those with overt self-harm of the skin, have reduced levels of optimism and self-efficacy. Patients and Methods: 854 general hospital patients referred to a psychosomatic-psychotherapeutic liaison-consultation service or to the outpatient department participated in the study. Using an expert rating assessment, 63 patients exhibiting selfharm (overt or covert) could be identified. For comparison, 63 patients without self-destructive behavior and 63 healthy controls were matched for age and sex. Generalized expectancies were assessed by a validated self-rating questionnaire measuring optimism and self-efficacy. Results: No differences were found between patients with or without self-destructive behavior. Yet, patients with overt self-harm had significantly lower values of optimism and self-efficacy than those who concealed their behavior. We discuss whether the self-efficacy of covertly self-destructive patients might be enhanced by perceived long-term positive effects of their behavior.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients with Overt or Covert Self-Harm: Differences in Optimism and Self-Efficacy

Fliege¹,

Kocalevent²,

Rose³

et al. 2004

Dermatol Psychosom

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Psychodynamics of onychophagists

Cavaggioni

Romano

2003

Eat Weight Disord

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The authors offer three interpretations of onychophagia, a widespread but largely unstudied phenomenon. The first is phenomenological, and characterises onychophagia as a non-pathological behavioural symptom present in many pathologies and a distinct syndrome that is sometimes quite severe. The second is clinical, and indicates the convergent and divergent connections between onychophagia and the most frequent eating disorders. The third is psychodynamic, and suggests an interpretative hypothesis of onychophagia itself and the frequent sensation of trouble and refusal that it often provokes even in doctors and psychotherapists.

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