Synchronized dichogamy and dioecy in neotropicalLauraceae

Kubitzki, K.; Kurz, H.

doi:10.1007/bf00989387

Cited by 73 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Souza and Moscheta (2000) studied the breeding system of N. megapotamica, focusing on the flowering patterns and the synchronization of flowering, and identified the presence of an anti-selfing mechanism. Dichogamy has also been reported in other species of the Lauraceae family (Kubitzki and Kurz, 1984).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Study of the genetic diversity and structure of a natural population of Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez. using RAPD markers

et al. 2015

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ABSTRACT. Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez. is a tree species that naturally occurs in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity and structure of a natural population of 12 N. megapotamica individuals using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. Eleven primers were used in this study, producing 81 bands, of which 98.99% were polymorphic. Analysis using STRUCTURE defined three different clusters (K = 3), results that were consistent with those of principal coordinates analysis. Both Nei's genetic diversity (h = 0.33) and Shannon's diversity index (I = 0.49) were relatively high. Analysis of molecular variance indicated that 24.89% of the genetic variability was among clusters, while the remaining 75.11% was within clusters. The Mantel test showed a weak correlation between genetic and geographic distances (r = 0.25, P = 0.105). Overall, the results revealed high levels of genetic diversity within clusters and high genetic differentiation among clusters without any spatial pattern of genetic variability. In addition, gene flow was independent of the geographical distribution and was compatible with the hierarchical island model.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Study of the genetic diversity and structure of a natural population of Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez. using RAPD markers

et al. 2015

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“…An interesting detail is that the individual flowers of morph B have a longer lifespan than those of morph A, because they have a functionless phase during the night. Kubitzki (1982) and Kubitzki & Kurz (1984) later found this kind of heterodichogamy in several other Lauraceae and assumed that it is probably widespread in those Lauraceae with bisexual flowers. As early as 1910, Wester mentioned that in Annona squamosa (Annonaceae) certain trees constantly shed pollen in the morning, others in the afternoon (Wester 1910).…”

Section: Synchronous Dichogamy and Heterodichogamy (A) Synchronous DImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in Degeneriaceae (Miller 1989), Eupomatiaceae (Endress 1984a), some Annonaceae (e.g. Bocageopsis, Webber & Gottsberger 1995;Uvaria, Nagamitsu & Inoue 1997), Lauraceae (Stout 1927;Kubitzki 1982;Kubitzki & Kurz 1984) and Aristolochiaceae (Aristolochia tagala, Murugan et al 2006). Why this is so will be explained in §3.…”

Section: Dichogamy Floral Organ Movements and Differential Stamen Abmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of floral biology in basal angiosperms

Endress

2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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In basal angiosperms (including ANITA grade, magnoliids, Choranthaceae, Ceratophyllaceae) almost all bisexual flowers are dichogamous (with male and female functions more or less separated in time), and nearly 100 per cent of those are protogynous (with female function before male function). Movements of floral parts and differential early abscission of stamens in the male phase are variously associated with protogyny. Evolution of synchronous dichogamy based on the day/night rhythm and anthesis lasting 2 days is common. In a few clades in Magnoliales and Laurales heterodichogamy has also evolved. Beetles, flies and thrips are the major pollinators, with various degrees of specialization up to large beetles and special flies in some large-flowered Nymphaeaceae, Magnoliaceae, Annonaceae and Aristolochiaceae. Unusual structural specializations are involved in floral biological adaptations (calyptras, inner staminodes, synandria and food bodies, and secretory structures on tepals, stamens and staminodes). Numerous specializations that are common in monocots and eudicots are absent in basal angiosperms. Several families are poorly known in their floral biology.

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“…the species appears to have an allogamous mating system, which is common in other lauraceae species (gibson & Wheelwright, 1995;moraes & monteiro, 2002). it is insect pollinated, with meliponinae bees apparently most important (Kubitzki & Kurz, 1984) and, possibly, small thysanoptera insects (Spironello et al, 2003;W. R. Spironello, personal communication).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic pattern of genetic diversity in natural populations of Rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora), in the Central Amazonia

et al. 2008

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Rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora Ducke, lauraceae) is an amazonian evergreen tree and a source of the purest linalool, the main component of its essential oil, which is very valuable in the international perfumery market. after decades of over-exploitation it is currently considered as threatened. We evaluated the genetic diversity and its distribution in four populations in Central amazonia. thirty-five reliable RaPD markers were generated, of which 32 were polymorphic (91.4%). variation was higher within the populations (76.5%; p < 0.0001) and geographic distribution contributed to population differentiation (23.4%; p < 0.0001). the amazon River had a small influence on gene flow (3.3%; p < 0.0001), but we identified evidence of gene flow across the river. there were significant differences in marker frequencies (p < 0.05), in agreement with the low gene flow (Nm = 2.02). the correlation between genetic distance and gene flow was -0.95 (p = 0.06) and between geographic distance and gene flow was -0.78 (p = 0.12). there was a geographic cline of variability across an east-West axis, influenced as well by the amazon River, suggesting the river could be a barrier to gene flow. although threatened, these Rosewood populations retain high diversity, with the highest levels in the manaus population, which has been protected for over 42 years in a Reserve.Keywords: RaPD, linalool, gene flow, amazon Rainforest.Padrão geográfico de diversidade genética em populações naturais de Pau-rosa (Aniba rosaeodora), na Amazônia Central resumo o Pau-rosa (Aniba rosaeodora Ducke, lauraceae) é uma árvore amazônica fonte do mais puro linalol, o qual é o principal componente do seu óleo essencial e muito valioso no mercado internacional de perfumaria. após várias décadas de intensa exploração, a espécie foi levada à categoria de ameaçada de extinção. Quatro populações naturais distribuídas na bacia amazônia Central foram avaliadas quanto ao nível e a distribuição da diversidade genética. trinta e cinco marcadores RaPD reprodutíveis foram gerados, dos quais 32 foram polimórficos (91,4%). a diversidade foi maior dentro das populações (76,5%; p < 0,0001) e a distribuição geográfica contribuiu para a diferenciação entre as populações (23,4%; p < 0,0001). a amova indicou que pode haver uma influência parcial do Rio amazonas no fluxo gênico (3,3%; p < 0,0001), mas foram identificadas evidências de fluxo gênico atravessando o rio. Houve diferenças significativas nas freqüências dos marcadores (p < 0,05) e o fluxo gênico estimado foi relativamente baixo (Nm = 2,02). a correlação entre a distância genética e o fluxo gênico foi de -0,95 (p = 0,06) e para a distância geográfica e o fluxo gênico foi de -0,78 (p = 0,12). Houve um padrão geográfico de variabilidade ao longo do eixo leste -oeste, influenciado também pelo Rio amazonas, o que sugere que o rio poderia funcionar como uma barreira para o fluxo gênico. apesar de ameaçadas, estas populações de Pau-rosa possuem alta diversidade, com o maior valor na população de manaus, que vem sendo prot...

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Synchronized dichogamy and dioecy in neotropicalLauraceae

Cited by 73 publications

References 19 publications

Study of the genetic diversity and structure of a natural population of Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez. using RAPD markers

Study of the genetic diversity and structure of a natural population of Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez. using RAPD markers

The evolution of floral biology in basal angiosperms

Geographic pattern of genetic diversity in natural populations of Rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora), in the Central Amazonia

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