Switchable/Tunable Band-Notched Characteristics in UWB and UWB-MIMO Antennas: A Comprehensive Review

Modak, Sumon; Surender, Daasari; Shome, Partha Pratim; Khan, Taimoor

doi:10.1007/s11277-022-10036-1

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The TARC of the proposed MIMO system is shown in Fig. 17 by the method described in [21] and [22], which shows that the values are well below the −10 dB level within the desired bands.…”

Section: Total Active Reflection Co-efficientmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Eight Element MIMO Antenna Array With Tri-Band Response for Modern Smartphones

et al. 2023

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This article presents an eight-element tri-band Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna system for future handheld devices. The suggested antenna system consists of a main and sideboards. The feed lines are connected on the main board while the antennas are placed on sideboards, two on each side separately. The total dimension of the main board is 150 × 75 mm 2 , and the sideboard is 150 × 7 mm 2 . The antenna resonates at three distinct 5G allocated bands of 3.1-3.7 GHz, 4.47-4.91 GHz, and 5.5-6.0 GHz with impedance bandwidths of 600 MHz, 440 MHz, and 450 MHz, respectively. The antenna system provides pattern and spatial diversity characteristics with radiation and total efficiency of 78% and 62% and peak gain of 5.8 dBi. The MIMO system is fabricated, and the measured results are found to be in good agreement with the simulations. The isolation among radiating elements in all resonating bands is found to be >16 dB. The vital MIMO performance parameters such as envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.2 for any two antenna array meeting the required standard of less than 0.5 alongside the mean effective gain or MEG ratio of any two antenna meeting the required standard of less than 3 dB for power balance and optimal diversity. The Channel Capacity (CC) is found to be 41.1 bps/Hz, approximately 3 times that of 2 × 2 MIMO operations.

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“…The TARC of the proposed MIMO system is shown in Fig. 17 by the method described in [21] and [22], which shows that the values are well below the −10 dB level within the desired bands.…”

Section: Total Active Reflection Co-efficientmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…ECC shows how well antennas in MIMO systems are isolated. The ECC is derived from far-field parameters using the equation below [21], [22]. For practical applications, the ECC values should be less than 0.5.…”

Section: A Envelope Correlation Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eight Element MIMO Antenna Array With Tri-Band Response for Modern Smartphones

et al. 2023

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“…For wireless network systems to adapt to the developing technology, there has been a need to improve antenna designs[ 24 ]. The planar monopole antenna structure is widely used in UWB systems because it shows advantageous antenna performance characteristics such as easy configuration, wide bandwidth, high efficiency.…”

Section: Antenna Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel UWB flexible antenna with dual notch bands for wearable biomedical devices

Geyikoglu

2023

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

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This study presents a novel UWB flexible antenna with dual band-notched design for wearable biomedical devices. The proposed antenna is designed on Kapton Polyimide-based flexible substrate. This includes a CPW fed circular and triangle structure. The dual notched bands are realized by using two triangular-shaped spiral slots defected ground structures. The first notched band (2.4–3.7 GHz) is generated for rejecting WLAN and WiMAX, the second notch (5.15–5.725 GHz) is generated for rejecting HyperLAN/2. The designed UWB antenna has approximately a bandwith of 159% (2.05–14 GHz) in simulation. Thus, the designed UWB antenna meets FCC standards. The antenna has an omnidirectional radiation pattern with a maximum gain of 12.7 dB in 8.4 GHz. The proposed antenna is fabricated with the low-cost airbrush printed technique. In this technique, a higher gain value is obtained by controlling the thickness of the conductive layer. Effect of flexibility on the antenna performance is tested for different configurations in the simulation and anechoic chamber environments. According to the results obtained, the overall performance is not affected except for the shift in frequency. Since the antenna has a UWB structure, the frequency shift that occurs in bending is at a tolerable level. The proposed UWB antenna is suitable for wearable biomedical devices, with a high UWB performance.

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“…Because of the principles of spectrum access and cognitive radio [21,22], reconfigurable and adjustable devices offer the crucial hardware necessary for effective spectrum management and utilization. In the literature, researchers have proposed different reconfigurable antennae for different purposes such as pattern reconfigurability, polarization reconfigurability, and frequency reconfigurability [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. The reconfigurability can be achieved by using diodes, micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) switches, and different RF switches [31,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Electronically Reconfigurable Highly Selective Stop-Band Ultra-Wideband Antenna Applying Electromagnetic Bandgaps and Positive-Intrinsic-Negative Diodes

Abbas,

Hussain,

Sufian

et al. 2024

Micromachines

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In this article, an ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna featuring two reconfigurable quasi-perfect stop bands at WLAN (5.25–5.75 GHz) and lower 5G (3.4–3.8 GHz) utilizing electromagnetic bandgaps (EBGs) and positive-intrinsic-negative (P-I-N) diodes is proposed. A pair of EBG structures are applied to generate sharp notch bands in the targeted frequency spectrum. Each EBG creates a traditional notch, while two regular notches are combined to make a quasi-perfect, sharp, notch band. Four P-I-N diodes are engraved into the EBG structures to enable notch band reconfigurability. By switching the operational condition of the four diodes, the UWB antenna can dynamically adjust its notching characteristics to enhance its adaptability to various communication standards and applications. The antenna can be reconfigured as a UWB (3–11.6 GHz) without any notch band, a UWB with a single sharp notch (either at WLAN or 5G), or a UWB with two quasi-perfect notch bands. Moreover, the antenna’s notch bands can also be switched from a traditional notch to a quasi-perfect notch and vice versa. To confirm the validity of the simulated outcomes, the proposed reconfigurable UWB antenna is fabricated and measured. The experimental findings are aligned closely with simulation results, and the antenna offers notch band reconfigurability. The antenna shows a consistently favorable radiation pattern and gain. The dimension of the presented antenna is 20 × 27 × 1.52 mm3 (0.45 λc × 0.33 λc × 0.025 λc, where λc is the wavelength in free space).

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Switchable/Tunable Band-Notched Characteristics in UWB and UWB-MIMO Antennas: A Comprehensive Review

Cited by 7 publications

References 95 publications

Eight Element MIMO Antenna Array With Tri-Band Response for Modern Smartphones

Eight Element MIMO Antenna Array With Tri-Band Response for Modern Smartphones

A novel UWB flexible antenna with dual notch bands for wearable biomedical devices

An Electronically Reconfigurable Highly Selective Stop-Band Ultra-Wideband Antenna Applying Electromagnetic Bandgaps and Positive-Intrinsic-Negative Diodes

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