Sustainable activated carbon fibers from liquefied wood with controllable porosity for high-performance supercapacitors

Abstract

The combination of the high micropore surface area and the controlled mesopore size and mesopore/micropore ratio is responsible for high specific capacitance and excellent rate capability.

Synthesis of activated carbon nanospheres with hierarchical porous structure for high volumetric performance supercapacitors

“…Besides, the volumetric performance of sample CK21 also outperforms those of most previously reported advanced carbon-based 16 materials [13][14][15][16][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48], although it is inferior to the most recently reported graphitized hierarchical porous carbon nanospheres with extremely high specific capacitance [49] (as shown in Table S1). The excellent capacitive performance of CK21 should be ascribed to several factors.…”

“…As a result, micropores continue to be generated, but part of the mesopore walls collapse and lead to a minor decrease of the mesopore volume and total pore volume (as shown in Table 1). It is worth mentioning that, the activated samples own moderate pore volumes from 0.735 cm 3 g -1 to 1.143 cm 3 g -1 , which is much lower than previously reported activated porous carbons (from 1.69 cm 3 g -1 to 2.73 cm 3 g -1 ) [13][14][15][16]. The relatively dense structure is quite beneficial for enhancing the volumetric performance in porous carbon electrodes.…”

“…Zhou et al prepared hierarchical porous and nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes 4 derived from polyaniline via a combination method of pre-carbonization and post-KOH activation [15]. Zhao et al prepared activated carbon fibers from liquefied wood with controllable porosity [16]. The above-mentioned activation processes produced hierarchical porous carbons with high specific surface areas and large pore volumes, thus the fabricated supercapacitor electrodes exhibited high capacity and good rate performance.…”

Comparison of changes in micropores and mesopores in the wood cell walls of sapwood and heartwood

“…Measurements show that mesopores were high in tension wood with a typical thick G-layer, while they were much less with a thinner G-layer, sometimes no more than normal wood. Furthermore, the pore structures of wood cell wall derivatives, such as lignocellulose aerogels and activated carbon fibres, were also analysed with the nitrogen adsorption method (Lu et al 2012;Jin et al 2014).…”

Synthesis of grape-like carbon nanospheres and their application as photocatalyst and electrocatalyst

“…Hence, the rectangular-shaped CV curves with broad humps in these CV curves owing to combined effects of electric double layer capacitance and pseudo capacitance [44,45]. These types of characteristics imply the fast charge-discharge property of the active materials which is essential for the high-energy supercapacitors in the presence of the ionic liquid as the electrolyte [46].…”