Suspension Copolymerization of Vinyl Acetate and Methyl Methacrylate in the Presence of Amoxicillin

Abstract

The effects of amoxicillin on the course of vinyl acetate (VAc)/methyl methacrylate (MMA) suspension copolymerizations are analyzed. It is shown that the presence of the drug affects the morphology of the produced particles, although the interfacial tension is insensitive to modification of the drug concentration in the analyzed range (1–3 wt% of the aqueous phase). It is also shown that this drug interacts preferentially with VAc, causing an inhibitory effect on the rate of polymerization and enhancing the characteristic composition drift of VAc/MMA copolymerizations. Finally, it is shown that the presence of the drug leads to significant modifications of the molecular weight distributions of the final polymer material.

Adsorption of BSA (Bovine Serum Albuminum) and lysozyme on poly(vinyl acetate) particles

“…Particles presented smooth surfaces and nonporous structure, as also characterized in previous works [13][14][15]25,30,[32][33][34] . Besides, number-average molecular weight, weight-average molecular weight and polydispersity of the produced resins were equal to 33 × 10 3 g/gmol, 84 × 10 3 g/gmol and 2.55, respectively, as in typical PVAc materials produced in similar conditions [13][14][15]25,30,[32][33][34] . The glass transition temperature (Tg) was equal to 42 °C, which is also characteristic of PVAc powders [13][14][15]25,30,[32][33][34] .…”

“…PVAc microparticles were prepared through suspension polymerization, as described elesewhere [13][14][15]25,30,[32][33][34] . Reaction runs were performed in an 1-liter jacketed glass reactor, equipped with a stainless steel lid and a standard six-blade stainless steel turbine impeller.…”

“…Different methods have been used to load drugs (or biological active substances) into polymer matrices, including co-precipitation, in-situ incorporation and adsorption [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . In co-precipitation processes, the doped polymer beads are prepared through precipitation from a solution that contains both the drug and the polymer resin.…”

“…Several commercial products are available for embolization and many of them are based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) microparticles [13][14][15][25][26][27] . Although PVAc is well known for its excellent adhesive properties [28] , PVAc is also used in a broad range of applications, including medical applications, due to its biocompatibility [29][30][31] .…”

“…Although PVAc is well known for its excellent adhesive properties [28] , PVAc is also used in a broad range of applications, including medical applications, due to its biocompatibility [29][30][31] . For this reason, Pinto and coworkers [13][14][15]25,30,[32][33][34] developed a sequential two-stage process to allow for production of spherical PVAc/PVA particles with core-shell morphology to be used as embolizers. Based on this process, additional studies were carried out to modify the final properties of the particles [32][33][34] .…”