It is still a challenging global task for oil/water separation. Here we fabricate superhydrophobic magnetic cellulose sponge (SMCE) that can be used to separate free oil/water mixtures and surfactant-stabilized W/O emulsions. The simple modification includes only two steps: a thin layer of ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) was coated on cellulose sponge surface via codeposition method, and subsequently magnetic cellulose sponge was modified with hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, which could react with Fe3O4 or hydroxyl groups of cellulose. The purpose of coating Fe3O4 is to increase the roughness of the surface and recycle the sample by magnetic force. SMCE could separate oil–water mixtures with a high separation efficiency and good reusability. The sample is green, low cost, and environmental friendly, which makes it a promising candidate to be used in oil–water separation.

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A novel cellulose (CE)-based adsorbent was synthesized by polyacrylamide grafted quaternized cellulose (PAM-g-QC) to remove anionic dyes. The elemental analysis results showed that there were abundant amino groups on adsorbents and scanning electron microscopy indicated the structure was porousproperties that were a benefit to increase the adsorption ability. The adsorption ability was specifically investigated in different temperatures. Adsorption isotherms including the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models were studied at different temperatures (303−323 K), and the maximum theoretical adsorption capacity of the adsorbents was 380.084 mg g −1 for Congo red (CR) and 349.284 mg g −1 for Eriochrome blue SE (EBSE) at 323 K by the Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorption data was fitted to the adsorption kinetics (pseudo-first-order kinetic, pseudo-secondorder kinetic, and intraparticle diffusion models), and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model showed a better fit for the adsorption of CR and EBSE. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH o , ΔS o , and ΔG o ) showed that the adsorption of EBSE and CR was feasible, endothermic, and spontaneous from 303 to 323 K. The adsorption and desorption mechanism of CR and EBSE also was investigated in this study, which verified that electrostatic adsorption played a main role between adsorbents and adsorbates. A comparison with other cellulose-based adsorbents confirmed that the CE/PAM-g-QC adsorbent possessed excellent potential and practical value in dye wastewater treatment.

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