Susceptibility of two karyotypic forms of Anopheles aconitus (Diptera: Culicidae) to Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax

Abstract

Four laboratory-raised colonies of two karyotypic forms of Anopheles aconitus, i.e., Form B (Chiang Mai and Phet Buri strains) and C (Chiang Mai and Mae Hong Son strains), were experimentally infected with Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax using an artificial membrane feeding technique and dissected eight and 12 days after feeding for oocyst and sporozoite rates, respectively. The results revealed that An. aconitus Form B and C were susceptible to P. falciparum and P. vivax, i.e., Form B (Chiang Mai and Phet Buri strains/P. falciparum and P. vivax) and Form C (Chiang Mai and Mae Hong Son strains/P. vivax). Comparative statistical analyses of the oocyst rates, average number of oocysts per infected midgut and sporozoite rates among all strains of An. aconitus Form B and C to the ingroup control vectors, An. minimus A and C, exhibited mostly no significant differences, confirming the high potential vector of the two Plasmodium species. The sporozoite-like crystals found in the median lobe of the salivary glands, which could be a misleading factor in the identification of true sporozoites in salivary glands were found in both An. aconitus Form B and C.

The susceptibility of Anopheles lesteri to infection with Korean strain of Plasmodium vivax

“…sinensis was collected from Mae Tang District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Anopheles cracens was in a free-mating colony established for more than two decades in the insectariums of the Department of Parasitology, Chiang Mai University, Thailand and was used as a control, since it is known to be highly susceptible to P. vivax [ 22 ]. These colonies were reared using the method described by Park et al [ 23 ] in an insectary room at 27 ± 2°C, 70–80% relative humidity with 12:12 hr light and dark photoperiods adjusted by fluorescent lighting.…”

The Global Public Health Significance of Plasmodium vivax

“…aconitus forms B and C were susceptible to P. vivax and P. falciparum, and that An. aconitus form C was susceptible only to P. vivax (Junkum et al, 2005). …”

“…dirus for P. vivax has been estimated (Prakash et al, 2001). Experimental infection from humans (Wirtz et al, 1985), monkeys (Collins et al, 2009) and membrane feeding has been shown (Coleman et al, 2004;Junkum et al, 2005). …”

Colonization of Anopheles cracens: a malaria vector of emerging importance

“…Besides being recently established as the main vector for P. knowlesi in Kuala Lipis , An. cracens has also been proven to be an efficient laboratory vector for both P. falciparum and P. vivax [5,8]. Upon comparing filarial vector competence between An.…”