Susceptibilities of Yeasts to Yeast Cell Wall Lytic Enzyme of Arthrobaeter luteus

Kaneko, Tatsuhiko; Kitamura, Kumpei; Yamämoto, Yasushi

doi:10.1271/bbb1961.37.2295

Cited by 34 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Many yeast species have a cell wall similar to that of S. cerevisiae and contain glycoproteins with a structural role similar to that of the mannoprotein in S. cerevisiae (4,14). on September 1, 2020 by guest http://aem.asm.org/…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mannoprotein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an effective bioemulsifier

Cameron

Cooper

Neufeld

1988

Appl Environ Microbiol

170

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The mannoprotein which is a major component of the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an effective bioemulsifier. Mannoprotein emulsifier was extracted in a high yield from whole cells of fresh bakers' yeast by two methods, by autoclaving in neutral citrate buffer and by digestion with Zymolase (Miles Laboratories; Toronto, Ontario, Canada), a 0-1,3-glucanase. Heat-extracted emulsifier was purified by ultrafiltration and contained approximately 44% carbohydrate (mannose) and 17% protein. Treatment of the emulsifier with protease eliminated emulsification. Kerosene-in-water emulsions were stabilized over a broad range of conditions, from pH 2 to 11, with up to 5% sodium chloride or up to 50% ethanol in the aqueous phase. In the presence of a low concentration of various solutes, emulsions were stable to three cycles of freezing and thawing. An emulsifying agent was extracted from each species or strain of yeast tested, including 13 species of genera other than Saccharomyces. Spent yeast from the manufacture of beer and wine was demonstrated to be a possible source for the large-scale production of this bioemulsifier.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mannoprotein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an effective bioemulsifier

Cameron

Cooper

Neufeld

1988

Appl Environ Microbiol

170

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“…This effect may be the result of supplementation of nutrients and/or the improvement of digestibility characteristics. In addition, it has been demonstrated that the structural organization, composition and digestibility of the yeast cell wall differ considerably with species (Bartnicki-Garcia 1968; Kreger-Van Rij and Veenhuis 197 1) and strain (Rost and Venner 1965;Kaneko et al 1973). Finally, susceptibility to enzymatic degradation may also be influenced by age of the culture and by medium com-position (Killick 1971;Kratky et al 1975) or various other culture conditions (Kaneko et al 1973).…”

Section: Oiwllidclinked Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baker's Yeast as a Potential Substitute for Live Algae in Aquaculture Diets: Artemia as a Case Study

Coutteau

Lavens

Sorgeloos

1990

J World Aquaculture Soc

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In this study baker's yeast was evaluated as a substitute for live Dunuliella tertiolecta algae in the culture of the brine shrimp Artemia. Consumption of fresh baker's yeast resulted in poor growth and survival of brine shrimp. However, the nutritional value of the yeast sigaificantly improved after complete removal of the yeast cell wall by enzymatic treatment. Baker's yeast was also made digestible for Artemia by simple chemical treatment which did not reduce rigidity of the yeast cell. The external mannoprotein layer of the yeast cell wall is probably the major barrier to digestion by Artemia. Chemically treated baker's yeast offers promising possibilities as a substitute for algal feeds in aquaculture.

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“…The present communication reports such a study on S. cereLisiae NCYC366, a strain that is particularly susceptible to digestion with /Bglucanase (1,8). The study used, as a source of ,8-glucanase, Zymolyase-5000, a preparation obtained from filtrates of Arthrobacter luteus cultures (11,13). Zymolyase is reported to be free from ,B-(1--2), 13-(1--*4), and ,B-(1--6) glucanases and phosphomannanase (12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Scanning electron microscope study of Saccharomyces cerevisiae spheroplast formation

Pringle¹,

Forsdyke²,

Rose³

1979

J Bacteriol

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A suspension of Saccharomyces ceretisiae NCYC366 in buffered 1.2 M sorbitol containing Zymolyase-5000 (a ,/-glucanase-containing preparation) showed maximum osmotic sensitivity after 30 min of incubation at 30°C. A scanning electron microscope study of spheroplast formation, using a very high resolution (4-nm) machine, revealed several new morphological features. The surface of the plug in bud scars on intact cells appeared warty. The wall, which assumed a beady appearance as digestion proceeded, ultimately sloughed off to reveal the furrowed surface of the plasma membrane. Bud scars were resistant to digestion and, as incubation proceeded, they became surrounded by an outer annulus, which may be the secondary septum. Wall material was completely removed from the majority of cells only after 60 min of digestion. The surface of spheroplasts was studded with particles, about 25 to 30 nm in diameter. Many spheroplasts had a single large indentation, which may be in that part of the plasma membrane originally underlying the birth scar.

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Susceptibilities of Yeasts to Yeast Cell Wall Lytic Enzyme of Arthrobaeter luteus

Abstract: The susceptibilities of various strains of yeast to a yeast cell wall lytic enzyme produced by

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

The mannoprotein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an effective bioemulsifier

The mannoprotein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an effective bioemulsifier

Baker's Yeast as a Potential Substitute for Live Algae in Aquaculture Diets: Artemia as a Case Study

Scanning electron microscope study of Saccharomyces cerevisiae spheroplast formation

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