“…For example, by increasing the number of individuals trained to identify cardiac events and provide initial treatment, mortality rates have been shown to decrease (Atkins, 2012). Previous research has shown, however, that police, when trained to use defibrillators and acting as first responders, significantly increase survival to discharge from hospital in cardiac cases (Krammel et al, 2015). One of the most noteworthy examples of first responders’ impact in the field stems from the call for police, fire, and EMT professionals to help reduce the number of deaths from opioid overdose through administering Naloxone (Davis et al, 2014), which has had some demonstrated success in recent years (Walley et al, 2013).…”