This is a report of a developmental research study that aimed to construct and validate an instructional design model that incorporates the theory and practice of multiple intelligences. The study consisted of three phases. In phase one, the theoretical foundations of multiple intelligences and instructional design were examined to guide the development of such model. In phase two the model components were determined and an initial model was constructed. In phase three, the model was reviewed and validated by experts in the field of instructional design through a three-round Delphi study. The result was a revised and validated Multiple Intelligences Design Model. This paper presents the decision-making processes and procedures used in model development, and provides a framework for the internal validation of instructional design models using expert review procedures. ID Model Construction and Validation: A Multiple Intelligences Case Numerous models exist in the field of instructional design that assist designers working in a variety of settings (Gustafson and Branch, 2002). In addition, as new understandings of learning and instruction become available and accepted, existing instructional design models are refined and enhanced to take into account such developments and changes (Dick, Carey & Carey, 2001; Morrison, Ross, & Kemp, 2004). In recent years, there has been an increased focus on systematically studying the processes involved in the construction, validation, and implementation of instructional design models (Seels, 1994; Richey, 1998; Richey, Klein & Nelson, 2004). This research focus, usually referred to as developmental research, draws on and contributes to the literature in areas such as the nature and practice of instructional design (ID), designer decision-making, the role of theory in instructional design, and the relationships between theory and practice in instructional design. This article reports on one such developmental research study conducted to construct and internally validate an instructional design model that incorporates the theory and practice of multiple intelligences.
Approaches to Model Construction and ValidationIn spite of the widespread use of models in the field of instructional design there is a paucity of literature, let alone research, on model formation. Dick (1997) It was first necessary to determine if it was logical and feasible to synthesize the theories underlying instructional design and multiple intelligences into one useable instructional design model. Instructional design is the process used to construct instructional products, programs, and delivery systems. Multiple intelligences theory is built on the premise that learners acquire knowledge based on learning potential and that people learn in at least seven different ways.While the theory of multiple intelligences and its implications for learning and instruction have been available for over two decades (Gardner, 1983), until now there has been no systematic process for guiding the application of th...