Surveillance of intradomiciliary contacts of leprosy cases: perspective of the client in a hyperendemic municipality

Romanholo, Helizandra Simoneti Bianchini; Souza, Eliana Amorim de; Ramos, Alberto Novaes; Kaiser, Adélia Cileode Gomes Castelo Branco; Silva, Ismália Oliveira da; Brito, Aline Lima; Vasconcellos, Cídia

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0607

Cited by 30 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A special focus should be given to the male population regarding prevention and early detection of the disease [4,6]. We suggest further the integration of specific actions of leprosy health surveillance to the National Policy of Comprehensive Attention to Men’s Health in Brazil, and to the National Policy of Workers’ Health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, health professionals should be trained systematically to perform diagnosis, treatment and psychosocial rehabilitation of cases. However, several studies revealed operational difficulties of primary health services in the development of leprosy control measures [5,6,32], such as contact tracing [6]. Therefore, municipalities of medium and small size should be prioritized and must receive attention from State and Federal governments in order to strengthen regional support networks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the detection of under-notifications and hidden endemic scenarios in neighboring areas is important, as low endemicity levels in some areas may be related to the poor quality of health services in the realm of active case finding and early diagnosis, not due to the absence of transmission [5,6,32]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to operational difficulties within the SUS, there are still shortcomings regarding coverage and quality of control and prevention measures [5,6]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology and Spatiotemporal Patterns of Leprosy Detection in the State of Bahia, Brazilian Northeast Region, 2001–2014

et al. 2018

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The detection of leprosy cases is distributed unequally in Brazil, with high-risk clusters mainly in the North and Northeast regions. Knowledge on epidemiology and spatiotemporal patterns of leprosy occurrence and late diagnosis in these areas is critical to improve control measures. We performed a study including all leprosy cases notified in the 417 municipalities of Bahia state, from 2001 to 2014. New case detection (overall and pediatric <15 years) and grade 2 disability (G2D) rates were calculated and stratified according to socio-demographic variables. Spatial analyses were performed to detect high-risk areas for occurrence and late diagnosis. A total of 40,060 new leprosy cases was reported in the period (mean = 2861 cases/year), 3296 (8.2%) in <15-year-olds, and 1921 (4.8%) with G2D. The new case detection rate was 20.41 cases/100,000 inhabitants (95% CI: 19.68–21.17). A higher risk was identified in older age groups (RR = 8.45, 95% CI: 7.08–10.09) and in residents living in the state capital (RR = 5.30, 95% CI: 4.13–6.79), in medium-sized cities (RR = 2.80; 95% CI: 2.50–3.13), and in the west (RR = 6.56, 95% CI: 5.13–8.39) and far south regions of the state (RR = 6.56, 95% CI: 5.13–8.39). A higher risk of G2D was associated with male gender (RR = 2.43, 95% CI: 2.20–2.67), older age (RR = 44.08, 95% CI: 33.21–58.51), Afro-Brazilian ethnicity (RR = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.37–1.85), living in medium-sized cities (RR = 2.60; 95% CI: 2.27–2.96) and residency in the north (RR = 5.02; 95% CI: 3.74–6.73) and far south (RR = 7.46; 95% CI: 5.58–9.98) regions. Heterogeneous space–time patterns of leprosy distribution were identified, indicating high endemicity, recent transmission, and late diagnosis. This heterogeneous distribution of the disease was observed throughout the study period. Leprosy remains a relevant public health problem in Bahia state. The disease has a focal distribution. We reinforce the importance of integrating surveillance, prevention and control actions in regions of higher risk of leprosy detection and late diagnosis, and in the most vulnerable populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to operational difficulties within the SUS, there are still shortcomings regarding coverage and quality of control and prevention measures [5,6]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology and Spatiotemporal Patterns of Leprosy Detection in the State of Bahia, Brazilian Northeast Region, 2001–2014

et al. 2018

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“…people, and the physician DISCUSSION https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/revistaenfermagem/index was the health professional who most evaluated these contacts (35%), followed by the nurse (25%) and the physical therapist (10%). Warned, by authors, in another study 23 , that the nurse was the one who most performed the contact examination and that the realization, even by unqualified professionals, according to Ministry of Health regulations, may compromise this control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

O domicílio como importante fator de transmissão da hanseníase

Lozano¹,

Neto

Femina³

et al. 2019

Rev enferm UFPE on line.

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Objetivo: descrever o perfil dos domicílios e dos contatos intradomiciliares que apresentaram um ou mais casos da doença após a primeira notificação. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, retrospectivo. Estudaram-se 52 pacientes que apresentaram a doença após a notificação do caso índice no SINAN. Coletaram-se os dados em prontuário e realizaram-se entrevistas por meio de formulário. Analisaram-se os dados no programa estatístico EPI INFO 7.1.1.0, realizando-se a análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: notificaram-se, nos anos de 2013 e 2014, 101 casos de hanseníase. Revela-se que a média de contatos foi de 3,6 por domicílio, sendo que 46 conviviam há mais de dez anos com o caso índice; em relação aos contatos desses domicílios, a escolaridade é baixa; 65,4% deles não receberam a vacina BCG; 61,5% não foram avaliados clinicamente e 21,2% dos contatos ainda sofreram algum tipo de discriminação/preconceito. Conclusão: acredita-se que o controle dos contatos é um dos pilares estratégicos para a quebra da cadeia de transmissão da doença no domicílio, associado ao diagnóstico precoce, tratamento e prevenção de incapacidades físicas. Descritores: Habitação; Epidemiologia; Saúde Pública; Doenças Negligenciadas; Hanseníase; Busca de Comunicante.AbstractObjective: to describe the profile of households and household contacts who presented one or more cases of the disease after the first notification. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Fifty-two patients who presented the disease after notification of the index case in SINAN were studied. Data was collected from medical records and interviews were conducted using a form. Data were analyzed using the statistical program EPI INFO 7.1.1.0, and descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results: in 2013 and 2014, 101 cases of leprosy were reported. The average number of contacts was 3.6 per household, and 46 had been living with the index case for over ten years; Regarding the contacts of these households, the education level is low; 65.4% of them did not receive the BCG vaccine; 61.5% were not clinically evaluated and 21.2% of contacts still suffered some kind of discrimination/prejudice. Conclusion: it is believed that contact control is one of the strategic pillars for breaking the disease transmission chain at home, associated with early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of physical disabilities. Descriptors: Home Patients; Epidemiology, Public Health and Neglected Diseases; Leprosy; Contact Tracing.ResumenObjetivo: describir el perfil de los hogares y contactos familiares que presentaron uno o más casos de la enfermedad después de la primera notificación. Método: este es un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo. Se estudiaron 52 pacientes que presentaron la enfermedad después de la notificación del caso índice en SINAN. Los datos se recopilaron de los registros médicos y las entrevistas se realizaron mediante un formulario. Los datos se analizaron utilizando el programa estadístico EPI INFO 7.1.1.0 y se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo. Resultados: en 2013 y 2014, se informaron 101 casos de lepra. El número promedio de contactos fue de 3.6 por hogar, y 46 habían estado viviendo con el caso índice por más de diez años; con respecto a los contactos de estos hogares, el nivel educativo es bajo; el 65,4% de ellos no recibieron la vacuna BCG; el 61.5% no fueron evaluados clínicamente y el 21.2% de los contactos aún sufrieron algún tipo de discriminación/prejuicio. Conclusión: se cree que el control de contacto es uno de los pilares estratégicos para romper la cadena de transmisión de enfermedades en el hogar, asociado con el diagnóstico temprano, el tratamiento y la prevención de discapacidades físicas. Descriptores: Vivienda; Epidemiología; Salud Pública; Enfermedades Desatendidas; Lepra; Trazado de Contacto.

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Leprosy cases diagnosed by contacts examination in a hyperendemic capital city of northeastern Brazil

Soares

Corrêa

Santos

et al. 2021

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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Surveillance of intradomiciliary contacts of leprosy cases: perspective of the client in a hyperendemic municipality

Abstract: 164Surveillance of intradomiciliary contacts of leprosy cases: perspective of the client in a hyperendemic municipality Romanholo HSB, et al.

Cited by 30 publications

References 12 publications

Epidemiology and Spatiotemporal Patterns of Leprosy Detection in the State of Bahia, Brazilian Northeast Region, 2001–2014

Epidemiology and Spatiotemporal Patterns of Leprosy Detection in the State of Bahia, Brazilian Northeast Region, 2001–2014

O domicílio como importante fator de transmissão da hanseníase

Leprosy cases diagnosed by contacts examination in a hyperendemic capital city of northeastern Brazil

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