Surgical fixation of a symphyseal fracture of the mandible in a cow using cerclage wire

Stabilization of mandibular symphysis separation in an Amazonian brown brocket deer (Mazama nemorivaga)

“…Additionally, trauma is the most common cause of mandibular fractures in domestic bovines, especially in calves as a result of inappropriate use of obstetric chains 9 . Although the symphyseal separation was closed in this case, reports of symphyseal fractures in bovines include open, contaminated or infected lesions 9–11 …”

“…Typically, only a single cerclage wire is used in dogs and cats 13,16 . An additional cerclage wire incorporating the lower incisors may accompany the circumferential mandibular cerclage wire in the bovine 11 . Two cerclage wires were used in this case, because ruminant dentition features a diastema, a toothless space between the canine teeth and premolar teeth of the mandible 12,17 .…”

“…9 Although the symphyseal separation was closed in this case, reports of symphyseal fractures in bovines include open, contaminated or infected lesions. [9][10][11] Treatment techniques for symphyseal separation in bovines may include circumferential dental wiring, continuous wire loop technique, cerclage wire and lag screw fixation. 10,12 The cerclage wire technique was used in this case due to dental mobility.…”

“…13,16 An additional cerclage wire incorporating the lower incisors may accompany the circumferential mandibular cerclage wire in the bovine. 11 Two cerclage wires were used in this case, because ruminant dentition features a diastema, a tooth-less space between the canine teeth and premolar teeth of the mandible. 12,17 This technique was able to withstand the disruptive forces applied during mastication and rumination, 12 as evidenced by the stability of the occlusion and correct anatomical position of the mandible observed postoperatively in this case.…”

Bilateral rostral mandibulectomy for treatment of necrotic mandibular open fractures in two Japanese Black cattle

“…In a field setting, this type of anesthesia would usually be uncommon and infeasible. If mandibulectomy is to be performed under field conditions, continuous and deep sedation combined with regional nerve block would be required, taking a reference from procedures used in small animal practice [8,11].…”