Surface tension of regular solutions

Abstract

T h e assumption of a unimolecular layer as th e surface ph ase separating a strictly regular solution from its vapour ph ase, is in contradiction with th e Gibbs adsorption formula. Wh en, h owever, one takes into account th e possible présence of two un i molecular layers i nsi de the surface phase, i t i s shown that the composi ti on of the layer on the s i de of the solut i on d i ffers but l i ttle from the composi ti on of the soluti on i tself, a ci rcumstance whi ch just i f i es the uni molecular layer model as a f i rst approx i mat i on. The surface tens i on i s not apprec i ably altered by th i s treatment, but the relat i ve adsorpt i on i s mod i f i ed s i gn i f i cantly. The formulae thus obtai ned are no longer i n contradi cti on wi th the G i bbs formula.

Kinetics for the Collapse of Trilayer Liquid-Crystalline Disks from a Monolayer at an Air−Water Interface

“…Collapse here was assumed to start with the formation of nuclei, an energy-activated process that results from statistical fluctuations in the monolayer 6,7,[25][26][27] and that could occur at defects, where the activation energy is lower. When nucleation is homogeneous, such that the probability of forming a nucleus is the same for all elements of the monolayer, or defects that lead to nucleation are randomly distributed over the interface, the number of nuclei formed at each instant is proportional to A m and is expressed as IA m , where I is the nucleation rate per unit area.…”

Prediction of binary adsorption equilibria of solvent and water vapor on activated carbon.

“…formly on the surface of activated carbon independently of pore radius, the amount of solvent adsorbed onto the wet surface qoZ is given as Eq. (2). qoz =qozSclST (2) where q°z denotes the equilibrium amount of liquidphase adsorption at the composition of capillary condensed phase, which can be determined by a separate liquid-phase adsorption experiment.…”

Structural properties ofp+-type porous silicon layersversusthe substrate orientation: an X-ray diffraction comparative study

“…Indeed, with this technique the temperature of the phase transition of a¯uid can be measured. When a¯uid is con®ned in nanometric pores, its thermodynamical behaviour is modi®ed due to surface effects, inducing a shift in the transition temperature, which is proportional to the inverse of the pore radius r (Defay et al, 1966). Therefore, the shift in the transition temperature, ÁT, is measured by the DSC method and the pore radius, r, is calculated via the following relation:…”