Surface modification of metallic biomaterials for enhanced functionality: a review

Mahajan, Anupama; Sidhu, Sarabjeet Singh

doi:10.1080/10667857.2017.1377971

Cited by 91 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Though electron beam melting is a widely used additive manufacturing process for fabricating different complex shapes [7] in the biomedical industry, the challenge remains in dealing with the intrinsic changing surface roughness in between layers due to layer by layer deposition offering potential places for fatigue cracks to initiate [8,9]. Therefore, EDM is considered to be likely choice for machining as well as surface modification process due to having the potential to improve the mechanical properties, corrosion and fatigue resistance, improved surface hardness, fabricating the most favourable surface on bio-implant due to generation of carbon and oxygen-enriched surface [5,10,11]. Electric discharge machining uses a series of high-frequency sparks that erode material by melting, vaporization, simultaneous solidification, again melting and thus on [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Investigation of Surface Integrity of Ti6Al4V ELI Using Si-Mixed Electric Discharge Machining

et al. 2020

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Surface modification is given vital importance in the biomedical industry to cope with surface tissue growth problems. Conventionally, basic surface treatment methods are used which include physical and chemical deposition. The major drawbacks associated with these methods are excessive cost and poor adhesion of coating with implant material. To generate a bioactive surface on an implant, electric discharge machining (EDM) is a promising and emerging technology which simultaneously serves as machining and surface modification technique. Besides the surface topology, implant material plays a very important role in surgical applications. From various implant materials, titanium (Ti6Al4V ELI) alloy is the best choice for long-term hard body tissue replacement due to its superior engineering, excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial properties. In this research, EDM’s surface characteristics are explored using Si powder mixed in dielectric on Ti6Al4V ELI. The effect of powder concentration (5 g/L, 10 g/L and 20 g/L) along with pulse current and pulse on time is investigated on micro and nanoscale surface topography. Optimized process parameters having a 5 g/L powder concentration result in 2.76 μm surface roughness and 13.80 μm recast layer thickness. Furthermore, a nano-structured (50–200 nm) biocompatible surface is fabricated on the surface for better cell attachment and growth. A highly favourable carbon enriched surface is confirmed through EDS which increases adhesion and proliferation of human osteoblasts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Investigation of Surface Integrity of Ti6Al4V ELI Using Si-Mixed Electric Discharge Machining

et al. 2020

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“…Further, corrosion resistance of the bone-bioimplant interface has been achieved by modifying the surface of the bioimplants through nano-structuring and functional nanocoating. A number of antibacterial agents, such as Ag, Au, zinc oxide (ZnO), zirconium nitrate (Zr(NO 3 ) 4 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), have been incorporated in a hydroxyapatite (HA) matrix to develop HA-based antibacterial coatings for orthopedic metallic bioimplants, which allows no bacterial growth on the bioimplant substrate and improves bio-integration properties [25,[119][120][121][122][123]. [115].…”

Section: Surface Modification Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Durability and functionality depend on the bulk properties of the material, whereas biological response depends on the surface chemistry, surface topography, and surface energy of a biomaterial. Surface modifications of bioimplants play a vital role in matching the complexities of the biological system and improving the performance of the bioimplant materials [25]. In this context, nanomaterials could be effectively utilized to improve the surface properties of several orthopedic bioimplants [26,124].…”

Section: Improving the Surface Properties Of Bioimplants Using Integrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although efforts have been directed to overcome the challenges associated with bulk and surface properties of these metallic bioimplants, nanomaterials have of late emerged as an alternative to alter the surface properties for their better integration with host tissue, reducing the immunogenicity, providing an infection-free surface and enabling the drug loading [21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Materials for Orthopedic Bioimplants: Modulating Degradation and Surface Modification Using Integrated Nanomaterials

et al. 2020

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Significant research and development in the field of biomedical implants has evoked the scope to treat a broad range of orthopedic ailments that include fracture fixation, total bone replacement, joint arthrodesis, dental screws, and others. Importantly, the success of a bioimplant depends not only upon its bulk properties, but also on its surface properties that influence its interaction with the host tissue. Various approaches of surface modification such as coating of nanomaterial have been employed to enhance antibacterial activities of a bioimplant. The modified surface facilitates directed modulation of the host cellular behavior and grafting of cell-binding peptides, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and growth factors to further improve host acceptance of a bioimplant. These strategies showed promising results in orthopedics, e.g., improved bone repair and regeneration. However, the choice of materials, especially considering their degradation behavior and surface properties, plays a key role in long-term reliability and performance of bioimplants. Metallic biomaterials have evolved largely in terms of their bulk and surface properties including nano-structuring with nanomaterials to meet the requirements of new generation orthopedic bioimplants. In this review, we have discussed metals and metal alloys commonly used for manufacturing different orthopedic bioimplants and the biotic as well as abiotic factors affecting the failure and degradation of those bioimplants. The review also highlights the currently available nanomaterial-based surface modification technologies to augment the function and performance of these metallic bioimplants in a clinical setting.

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“…Sidhu and coworkers have complied a comprehensive review dedicated to the surface modification techniques of several essential metallic biomaterials viz. stainless steel, magnesium, titanium, and chromium-cobalt [4]. Mukherjee and co-authors discuss the lase surface remelting process and explores the effects of different process parameters on microstructural, topographical, tribological and bio-interfacial aspects of biocompatibility of Ti alloys.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Editorial

Mahapatro

2018

Materials Technology

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Surface modification of metallic biomaterials for enhanced functionality: a review

Cited by 91 publications

References 90 publications

On the Investigation of Surface Integrity of Ti6Al4V ELI Using Si-Mixed Electric Discharge Machining

On the Investigation of Surface Integrity of Ti6Al4V ELI Using Si-Mixed Electric Discharge Machining

Materials for Orthopedic Bioimplants: Modulating Degradation and Surface Modification Using Integrated Nanomaterials

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