Surface-chemistry-driven actuation in nanoporous gold

Biener, Juergen; Wittstock, Arne; Zepeda-Ruiz, Luis A.; Biener, Monika M.; Zielasek, Volkmar; Kramer, Dominik; Viswanath, R. N.; Weißmüller, J.; Bäumer, Marcus; Hamza, A. V.

doi:10.1038/nmat2335

Cited by 499 publications

(369 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Additionally, Biener et. al presented a similar conclusion about the need to account for the scaling effects which relate strength and ligament size [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Scaling equation for yield strength of nanoporous open-cell foams

et al. 2007

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A comprehensive study on the relationship between yield strength, relative density and ligament sizes is presented for nanoporous Au foams. Depth-sensing nanoindentation tests were performed on nanoporous foams ranging from 20 to 42% relative density with ligament sizes ranging from 10 to 900 nm. The Gibson and Ashby yield strength equation for open-cell macro-cellular foams is modified in order to incorporate ligament size effects. This study demonstrates that at the nanoscale, foam strength is governed by ligament size, in addition to relative density. Furthermore, we present the ligament length scale as a new parameter to tailor foam properties and achieve high strength at low densities.

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“…Additionally, Biener et. al presented a similar conclusion about the need to account for the scaling effects which relate strength and ligament size [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Scaling equation for yield strength of nanoporous open-cell foams

et al. 2007

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“…6 Compared to cluster-assembled nanocrystalline metals, effects associated with charging at surface-electrolyte interfaces are expected to be enhanced in nanoporous metals prepared by dealloying owing to the reduced influence of interfaces between the crystallites, i.e., grain boundaries. Both charge-induced 7,8 and surface-chemistry driven actuation ͑i.e., length change͒ 9 could be observed in np-Au.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Adsorption-driven tuning of the electrical resistance of nanoporous gold

Wahl

Traußnig

Landgraf

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Physics

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The electrical resistance of nanoporous gold prepared by dealloying is tuned by charging the surfaces of the porous structure in an electrolyte. Reversible variations in the resistance up to approximately 4% and 43% occur due to charging in the regimes of double layer charging and specific adsorption, respectively. Charging-induced variations in the electron density or of the volume cannot account for the resistance variation, indicating that this variation is primarily caused by charge-induced modifications of the charge carrier scattering at the solid-electrolyte interface. The relative resistance variation in nanoporous Au with surface charging is found to be much higher than reported for porous nanocrystalline Pt. This is due to the lesser resistance contribution from internal grain boundaries. The resistance variation in nanoporous Au is also higher than that found in thin films owing to the stronger surface scattering in the ligament structure compared to plan surfaces. We argue that the strong resistance variation in up to 43% in the regime of specific adsorption is due to the reversible formation of a chemisorbed surface layer acting as scattering centers for the charge carriers.

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“…Compared to cluster-assembled nanocrystalline metals, effects associated with charging at surface-electrolyte interfaces emerge more pronounced in nanoporous metals prepared by dealloying owing to the reduced influence of interfaces between the crystallites, i.e., grain boundaries. Both charge-induced [7,8] and surface-chemistry driven actuation (i.e., length change) [9] as well as tunable mechanical strength [10] could be observed in np-Au.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sign-inversion of charging-induced variation of electrical resistance of nanoporous platinum

Steyskal

Besenhard

Landgraf

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

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Sign-inversion of charging-induced variation of electrical resistance of nanoporous platinum AbstractThe electrical resistance (R) of nanoporous platinum prepared by dealloying reversibly changes by 4% upon electrochemical surface charging in a regime where oxygen adsorption/desorption and surface oxidation/reduction occurs. The variation of R with charging shows a sign inversion.Besides the usual behavior of increasing R with positive charging, a decrease of R occurs at higher potentials. Following recent studies of the sign inversion of the surface stress-charge response of porous nanophase Pt, the sign-inversion of the resistance with charging may be related to the electronic structure of the surface oxide. In addition, a charge-induced variation of the chargecarrier scattering rate at the metal−electrolyte interface is taken into account.

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Surface-chemistry-driven actuation in nanoporous gold

Cited by 499 publications

References 27 publications

Scaling equation for yield strength of nanoporous open-cell foams

Scaling equation for yield strength of nanoporous open-cell foams

Adsorption-driven tuning of the electrical resistance of nanoporous gold

Sign-inversion of charging-induced variation of electrical resistance of nanoporous platinum

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