Surface Antigen (HBsAg) Negative Hepatitis B virus in Bangladesh: Warrants the Screening for Blood Donors

Mahmud, Salahuddin; Rahman, Manjuma; Tasneem, Farhana; Afroz, Mahenaz; Ahmed, Syed Shafi; Hussain, Manzoor

doi:10.3329/bjch.v41i3.36954

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…There have been substantial advances in research on liver diseases in Bangladesh and several epidemiological studies have been published in the past two decades. [56][57][58][59][60][61][62]149,150,[152][153][154][155][156][218][219][220]223,[406][407][408] Still, baseline data on incidence, prevalence, risk factors, natural history, and the changing epidemiology of various causes of liver diseases need to be generated. Studies are needed to develop cheap, accessible, point-of-care testing for HBV and HCV, and on preventive measures and new drug treatments for NAFLD.…”

Section: The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology Commissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver diseases in the Asia-Pacific region: a Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology Commission

Sarin

Kumar

Eslam

et al. 2020

The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology

393

303

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The Asia-Pacific region is home to more than half of the global population and accounted for 62·6% of global deaths due to liver diseases in 2015. 54·3% of global deaths due to cirrhosis, 72·7% of global deaths due to hepatocellular carcinoma, and more than two-thirds of the global burden of acute viral hepatitis occurred in this region in 2015. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection caused more than half of the deaths due to cirrhosis in the region, followed by alcohol consumption (20·8%), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD; 12·1%), and chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV; 15·7%). In 2015, HBV accounted for about half the cases of hepatocellular carcinoma in the region. Preventive strategies for viral hepatitis-related liver disease include increasing access to clean drinking water and sanitation. HBV vaccination programmes for neonates have been implemented by all countries, although birthdose coverage is extremely suboptimal in some. Availability of screening tests for blood and tissue, donor recall policies, and harm reduction strategies are in their initial stages in most countries. Many governments have put HBV and HCV drugs on their essential medicines lists and the availability of generic versions of these drugs has reduced costs. Efforts to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat, together with the rapid increase in per-capita alcohol consumption in countries and the epidemic of obesity, are expected to change the spectrum of liver diseases in the Asia-Pacific region in the near future. The increasing burden of alcohol-related liver diseases can be contained through government policies to limit consumption and promote less harmful patterns of alcohol use, which are in place in some countries but need to be enforced more strictly. Steps are needed to control obesity and NAFLD, including policies to promote healthy lifestyles and regulate the food industry. Inadequate infrastructure and insufficient health-care personnel trained in liver diseases are issues that also need to be addressed in the Asia-Pacific region. The policy response of most governments to liver diseases has thus far been inadequate and poorly funded. There must be a renewed focus on prevention, early detection, timely referral, and research into the best means to introduce and improve health interventions to reduce the burden of liver diseases in the Asia-Pacific region. 168 www.thelancet.com/gastrohep Vol 5 February 2020The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology Commission accounted for 108 276 (8·2%) of the total liver-related deaths in the region in 2015, compared with 929 (1·2%) of 72 437 in the USA and 4032 (0·3%) of 197 179 in Europe. Deaths in the Asia-Pacific region represented three-quarters of the global total number of deaths due to acute viral hepatitis. In 2015, the region accounted for three-quarters of the global total number of deaths related to acute HBV, almost two-thirds of those due to acute hepatitis A infection, and almost 80% of those due to acute hepatitis E infection. Of all deaths du...

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Section: The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology Commissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver diseases in the Asia-Pacific region: a Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology Commission

Sarin

Kumar

Eslam

et al. 2020

The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology

393

303

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It can be either asymptomatic, acute or chronic, mild disease to severe or rarely fulminant hepatitis (Figure 2). [12][13][14][15] Epidemiology and burden of HBV Worldwide, around 2 billion people have infected with present or past HBV infection, and 257 million are chronic carriers of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). As a result, with the complications of chronic HBV infection, around 686 thousand people die in every year.…”

Section: Hepatitis B Virus (Hbv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, with the complications of chronic HBV infection, around 686 thousand people die in every year. [12][13][14][15] Ten million Bangladeshis have HBV. Alarmingly 60-70% are not aware of their HBV infection.…”

Section: Hepatitis B Virus (Hbv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, when false negatives occur, this poses a great challenge to the quality and reliability of blood screening as well as pregnancy screening (Figure 9). 14 On the other side, quite unlikely to occur when screening is done by EIA, Chemiluminoassay, or PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technology. 29 So, Faulty pregnancy and donor screening as well as inaccurate method of testing were much responsible for perinatal transmission of HBV in Bangladesh.…”

Section: Hepatitis B Virus Screening In Pregnant Womanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis B vaccination at birth: reduces perinatal transmission successfully

Mahmud¹,

Ahmed²

2020

IJVV

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most important global health problem including Bangladesh. HBV carrier rate was found between 2-7% in many studies. After acute infection, chance of chronicity in adult is only 10%, but in neonate that is 90%. Out of these, 25% were suffering from acute liver failure & hepatocellular carcinoma and ultimate result is premature death. Chronic Hepatitis B Virus infection is not curable, only suppressing the activity with available treatment. So, prevention is better than cure. Active immunization is the single most important and effective preventive measure against HBV infection. Bangladesh introduced hepatitis B vaccination in children through Expanded Program on Immunization in 2005 which includes 3 doses without any birth dose. World Health Organization, Centre for disease control & prevention and American academy of pediatrics recommends since perinatal or early postnatal transmission is the most important source of chronic HBV infection globally, all infants should receive their first dose of hepatitis B vaccine as soon as possible after birth, ideally within 24 hours or before discharging the mother from hospital. Now a days, 10 million Bangladeshis are suffering from HBV and 3.5% mother are infected with that virus. From another study, 21.5% pregnant woman having core antibody of HBV as many of them were unvaccinated. Faulty pregnancy and donor screening as well as inaccurate method of testing also responsible for perinatal transmission in Bangladesh. So, we are missing lots of HBV everyday in our daily practice. After implementation of birth dose, many countries reduced perinatal transmission and prevalence rate of HBV successfully.

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Seroconversion of Hepatitis B Vaccine in Young Bangladeshi Children: A Tertiary Centre Experience

Mahmud¹,

Gulshan²,

Tasneem³

et al. 2021

WJV

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Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most important global health problems and active immunization is the single most important and effective preventive measure against HBV infection. Several studied show that HBV carrier rate is between 2%-7% in Bangladesh. Bangladesh introduced hepatitis B vaccination in children through Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in 2005 that includes 3 doses which starts from six weeks after birth. Currently booster vaccination is not recommended any more. However, many studies on different countries observed a declined level of HBs-antibody over a period of 3-6 years that may even reach to non-protective levels. Objective: To evaluate the status of seroconversion and seroprotection along with non-responders of EPI vaccinated children against HBV and to measure their antibody levels in different age groups. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was done in the department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh on 120 cases of EPI vaccinated children enrolled from January-December 2019 while attending the inpatient department without any liver problem. The development of Anti-HBs titre greater than or equal to 10 mIU/mL is considered as protective immunity and any titre less than 10 mIU/mL as non-protective following HBV vaccination. Results: Age of the children was 1-12 years with mean age of 5.6 ± 1.7 years and male: female ratio was 1.1:1. Among the children, 56 (46.6%) were from 1-5 years age, 36 (30.1%) children from 6-10 years age group and 27 (23.3%) children from 11-12 years age group. Out of 120 children, presence of Anti-HBs protective titre was in 63 (52.5%) children and non-protective level in 57 (47.

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Surface Antigen (HBsAg) Negative Hepatitis B virus in Bangladesh: Warrants the Screening for Blood Donors

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Liver diseases in the Asia-Pacific region: a Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology Commission

Liver diseases in the Asia-Pacific region: a Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology Commission

Hepatitis B vaccination at birth: reduces perinatal transmission successfully

Seroconversion of Hepatitis B Vaccine in Young Bangladeshi Children: A Tertiary Centre Experience

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