Supramolecular Systems as an Alternative for Enzymatic Degradation of 1‐Naphthyl Methylcarbamate (Carbaryl) Pesticide

Abstract

Reverse micelles (RMs) are considered as versatile nanoreactors because they can create a unique microenvironment, to carry out biochemical and chemical reactions of interest. Thus, in this contribution we propose them to be used as a new approach to hydrolyze a powerful and widely used pesticide: 1‐naphthyl methylcarbamate (Carbaryl), using the enzyme α‐Chymotrypsin (α‐CT) encapsulated in the water pool.

Green AOT reverse micelles as nanoreactors for alkaline phosphatase. The hydrogen bond “dances” between water and the enzyme, the reaction product, and the reverse micelles interface

“…As the hydrated radius of AP is estimated to be 36 Å (3.6 nm), 40 it should be dissolved in the aqueous pool of the RMs. Besides, it is known 8,20,41 that the shiing of the emission band provides information about the exposure of the tryptophan residues of the enzyme and your microenvironment. In this sense, Bortolato et al 41 studied the conformational changes in the AP structure using uorescence spectroscopy.…”

“…[17][18][19] Many studies of enzyme kinetics inside RMS formed with traditional non-polar solvents have been reported. 8,[20][21][22][23] One of the enzymes that have been studied is the alkaline phosphatase (AP), which is a hydrophilic and globular protein that will reside exclusively in the aqueous pool of the RMs. [24][25][26] The AP activity is mainly to act as a catalyzer for biological dephosphorylation and becomes optimally active in alkaline environments (pH values between 8 and 11).…”

Influence of the AOT Counterion Chemical Structure on the Generation of Organized Systems

“…Organized systems are important and promising in the progress of various branches of modern science and technology. , For example, they are used as detergents in the industries of dyes, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals . The existence of different microenvironments in these systems is one of the reasons for their applications in different areas, such as chemical catalysis, − enzymatic hydrolysis, − and nanoparticle synthesis, − among others . In this context, nanomedicine has become in recent years one of the most promising fields concerning the diverse applications of organized systems.…”

“…For example, it is possible to achieve W 0 max = 12 using benzene, while in n -heptane, it is possible to reach a value close to W 0 max = 60 , ( W 0 = [water]/[surfactant]). These properties are responsible for their numerous applications, as mentioned above. − ,,,− , …”

“…These properties are responsible for their numerous applications, as mentioned above. [4][5][6]9,11,[13][14][15]17 Ionic liquids (ILs) are synthetic compounds with interesting properties such as low toxicity, environment friendliness, and great versatility. 37−39 Chemically, the ILs are salts with a low melting point (<100 °C), composed only of ions.…”