Supramolecular gels based on bile acid salts

Supramolecular assemblies based on crown- and phosphoryl-substituted phthalocyanines and their metal complexes in microheterogeneous media

“…Unlike traditional surfactants with long hydro-phobic alkyl radicals and small polar groups, BS are characterized by planar diphilicity. [36][37][38] The structures of th e best known BS, viz., sodium cholate (SC), sodium deoxycholate (SDC), sodium taurocholate (STC), and sodium taurodeoxycholate (STDC) are presented below. The number of hydroxyl groups and their orientation relative to the steroid skeleton causes a variety of hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of BS.…”

“…The formation constant of the 1d•2SDC aggregate is close to a value of 400 L 2 mol -2 , as was expected for SDC. [36][37][38] Note. cmc´ was determined from measurements of surface tension in water 39 , cmc´´ was determined from conduc tivity in water 39 , cmc´´´ was determined in 0.1 M NaCl solution; I 1 /I 3 is the intensity ratio of the fi rst and third vibronic peaks in the fl uorescence emission spectrum of pyrene in water at 20 C.…”

“…12). 38 Figure 12 illustrates the sequence of BS aggregation in aqueous medium and encapsulation of guest molecules in their 3D representation of the excitation-fl uorescence matrix (in the coordinates I and  em ,  ex ) for the system 4-SDC-PBS. 44 Note.…”

Phospholipase D encapsulated into metal-surfactant nanocapsules for enhancing biocatalysis in a two-phase system

“…12 Bile salts, a class of surfactant molecules, are chiral building blocks that can be used in unidirectional self-aggregation reactions with divalent metal ions, leading to supramolecular nanocomposites. 13,14 The carboxyl group of bile salts and divalent metal ions form metal coordination bonds in an aqueous solution. Metal-surfactant nanocapsules have exible structures, which alleviate restrictions on enzyme structures.…”

Сrown- and Sulfophthalocyanines in Low-Molecular-Weight Hydrogels: Properties, Molecular State, and Release

“…Bile salts are anionic natural surfactants that can act in aqueous media as low-molecular-weight gelators (see [31] and references in). The formation of clusters − primary and secondary prolate SDC micelles − followed by the formation of markedly larger aggregates in the form of nanofibers and subsequent gelation was demonstrated by fluorescence spectroscopy for pyrene used a guest molecule in aqueous medium (ref.…”