Supported cobalt catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of ethyl levulinate to various chemicals

Abstract

Biomass-derived ethyl levulinate can flexibly convert to GVL, EHP, 1,4-PDO and 2-MTHF with excellent selectivity on a supported cobalt catalyst.

Trimetallic Cu–Ni–Zn/H-ZSM-5 Catalyst for the One-Pot Conversion of Levulinic Acid to High-Yield 1,4-Pentanediol under Mild Conditions in an Aqueous Medium

“…When Pd–Cu/ZrO 2 was used as the catalyst, the conversion of LA and yield of 1,4-PDO was 25% at 200 °C and a H 2 pressure of 6.0 MPa in an aqueous medium after 24 h . Because of the difficulty in converting LA to 1,4-PDO over non-noble metal-based heterogeneous catalysts, the use of ethyl levulinate as the feed for the production of 1,4-PDO in organic solvents was investigated, − and much higher 1,4-PDO yields (78–98%) were obtained (Table S1). However, the high cost, toxic reaction conditions associated with the additional step required to convert LA into ethyl levulinate, and use of organic solvents should be carefully addressed.…”

Catalytic Reductive Alcohol Etherifications with Carbonyl‐Based Compounds or CO2 and Related Transformations for the Synthesis of Ether Derivatives

“…Key features of this system are related with the support properties, enabling the stabilization of smaller Cu NPs, as well as providing better stability and acid properties to the material. In 2018, Fan, Zhu and co‐workers reported the reductive EL conversion to 2‐MeTHF in good yields and in the presence of H 2 , using a Co/ZrO 2 material as catalyst (Scheme 29G) [150] . Finally, in 2019 Mihályi and co‐workers published two nanostructured materials, Co/SiO 2 [151] and Ni/SiO 2 , [152] as active catalysts for LA hydrogenation to 2‐MeTHF (Scheme 29I,J).…”

“…In 2018, Fan, Zhu and co‐workers reported the reductive EL conversion to 2‐MeTHF in good yields and in the presence of H 2 , using a Co/ZrO 2 material as catalyst (Scheme 29 G). [150] Finally, in 2019 Mihályi and co‐workers published two nanostructured materials, Co/SiO 2 [151] and Ni/SiO 2 , [152] as active catalysts for LA hydrogenation to 2‐MeTHF (Scheme 29 I,J). In the case of Co/SiO 2 , a bifunctional behavior was identified attributing the success of the system to the combination of Co 0 metal sites, able to hydrogenate, and CoO x Lewis acid sites, able to dehydrate, at T ≥225 °C.…”

An overview of the obtaining of biomass-derived gamma-valerolactone from levulinic acid or esters without H2 supply

“…The sugar platform using lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock harnesses cellulose and hemicelluloses C5/C6 sugar fractions (Cherubini et al 2009). By using a set of concatenated reactions, they can then be transformed into valuable compounds with industrial applications such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) (Antonetti et al 2016(Antonetti et al , 2017Licursi et al 2017), furfural (FUR) (Mariscal et al 2016), levulinic acid (LA) (Antonetti et al 2015;Licursi et al 2018b;Rivas et al 2015Rivas et al , 2018, gamma-valerolactone (GVL) (Alonso et al 2013), and others (Heeres et al 2009;Lange et al 2010;Fábos et al 2014;Cen et al 2018;Kang et al 2018;Kasar et al 2018;Kim et al 2020a;Lilga et al 2018).…”