Superlithiated Polydopamine Derivative for High-Capacity and High-Rate Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Organic electrode materials, with low-cost synthesis and environmental friendliness, have gained significant research interest in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Polydopamine (PDA), as a bioderived organic electrode material, exhibits a low capacity of ∼100 mAh g–1, greatly limiting the practical application in LIBs. In this work, we find that a simple heat treatment at 300 °C can endow PDA-derived material (PDA300) with superior electrochemical performance. The obtained PDA300 electrode exhibits an ultrahigh capacity of 977 mAh g–1 at 50 mA g–1. Further combining the PDA300 with highly conductive Ti3C2T x MXene, the obtained PDA300/Ti3C2T x composite is demonstrated by high capacity (1190 mAh g–1, 50 mA g–1), excellent rate capability (remaining 552 mAh g–1 at 5 A g–1), and good cycling stability (82% retaining after 1000 cycles). The outstanding lithium storage performance is highly associated with the superlithiation process of the unsaturated carbon–carbon bonds in the PDA derivative and the introduction of the highly conductive Ti3C2T x substrate with a unique two-dimensional nanostructure. This work will provide new opportunities for the expansion of high-performance organic anodes for LIBs.

Bioinspired Interface Design of Sewable, Weavable, and Washable Fiber Zinc Batteries for Wearable Power Textiles

“…The limited specific capacity and rate capability may be attributed to the low ratios of redox-active quinone groups and the existence of soluble dopamine monomers or oligomers in the PDA during the cycling. [25,27,28] Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high resolution XPS and UV-vis spectroscopy were utilized to understand this phenomenon via examining the structure of PDA electrode. Similar to that of the DA and solid PDA, the TGA of the PCNF ( Figure S5, Supporting Information) has an evident slope change in the range of 200-300 °C, indicating that there may be some lowmolecular weight monomers or oligomers (≈20%) entrapped in the PDA through non-covalent self-assembly.…”

“…The limited specific capacity and rate capability may be attributed to the low ratios of redox‐active quinone groups and the existence of soluble dopamine monomers or oligomers in the PDA during the cycling. [ 25,27,28 ]…”

“…In recent years, these unique properties of PDA and PDA-derived nanomaterials have been widely studied as electrocatalysts and electrode materials for energy conversion and storage applications. [25][26][27][28][29] However, without atomic level molecular designation and rational structure tailoring, the PDA and PDA-derived nanomaterials displayed inferior electrochemical performance as electrode materials for Zn-ion batteries. [30] Besides, capacity decay investigation, energy storage mechanism, and practical application demonstration of the flexible fiber-shaped battery which are the key factors for real applications, have been fully neglected and need to be further addressed.…”

Cross‐Conjugated Polycatechol Organic Cathode for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Storage

“…Figure b shows the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the PC/G composites, pristine PC, and graphene. From Figure b, these patterns are similar, and the peak at 1218 cm −1 is assigned to the stretching vibration of the phenol C−OH bond, suggesting the presence of −OH groups on benzene rings . The peak at 1604 cm −1 is attributed to the partial oxidation of hydroxy groups to carbonyl groups .…”

“…From Figure 2b,t hese patterns are similar,a nd the peak at 1218cm À1 is assigned to the stretching vibration of the phenol CÀOH bond, suggesting the presence of ÀOH groups on benzene rings. [19] The peak at 1604 cm À1 is attributed to the partial oxidation of hydroxy groups to carbonylg roups. [20] Besides, the peak at 3421 cm À1 corresponds to the stretching vibration of phenolic hydroxy groups.…”