The facile construction of a cotton fabric with excellent
flame-retardant
and water-proof abilities is of great interest for multitask requirements.
Herein, a nonfluorine, highly efficient, and cost-effective multifunctional
cotton fabric was fabricated via sequentially depositing a novel multielement-containing
flame-retardant phosphorylated octa-aminopropyl POSS (PPA-POSS) and
a fluorine-free superhydrophobic coating of zeolitic imidazolate framework-67@poly(dimethylsiloxane)
(ZIF-67@PDMS). Influences of the PPA-POSS concentration and ZIF-67@PDMS
formula on the fire retardancy and water repellency of treated cotton
were systematically investigated. The optimized flame-retardant sample
CTF3 with 6.2 wt % PPA-POSS exhibited a high limiting oxygen index
(LOI) of 34% and self-extinguishing ability. CTF3 was further modified
with a properly formulated superhydrophobic ZIF-67@PDMS coating. CTF3-PHB2
displayed enhanced thermal stability, flame retardancy, and outstanding
superhydrophobicity. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results demonstrated
that CTF3-PHB2 presented a high char residue of 35.9%, which was 220.5%
higher than that of the control cotton (11.2%). More importantly,
the heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), and average
effective heat of combustion (av-EHC) values of CTF3-PHB2 were significantly
reduced by 51.4, 56.2, and 68.4%, respectively, compared with those
of a pure cotton fabric. Moreover, CTF3-PHB2 showed superhydrophobicity
(WCA > 159.3°) and good mechanical abrasion resistance. In
addition,
CTF3-PHB2 also showed protective abilities such as antifouling, self-cleaning,
and water/oil separation performances even for strong acid/alkali
mixtures. Thereby, it is believed that the PPA-POSS@ZIF-67@PDMS coating
is promising for application in multifunctional textile materials.