Sunspot Cycle and the Quasi-biennial Stratospheric Oscillation

Berson, F. A.; Kulkarni, R.G.

doi:10.1038/2171133a0

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The absence of QBO signals in the zonal wind in the F‐region ionosphere (discussed further in the next paragraph) also indicated that QBO signals in the TEC are not modulated by the zonal wind in the F‐region but by the EEJ and fountain effect. Previous studies have shown that solar activity comprises QBO signals (Berson & Kulkarni, 1968; Quiroz, 1981) and that ionospheric parameters are significantly affected by solar activity. We postulate that QBO signals in the TEC may also be modulated by solar activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(a) The influence of the SQBO: the waves in the stratosphere propagate upward to the ionosphere F region. (b) The influence of solar activity: Berson and Kulkarni (1968) detected QBO signals in sunspot cycles, which are related to solar activity, and Quiroz (1981) documented a strong link between sunspots and the QBO. These studies indicated that solar activity may compose the QBO signature in the ionosphere.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Impact of the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation on the Mesosphere and Ionosphere

Sun

Dou

et al. 2022

JGR Space Physics

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We studied the responses of the mesosphere and ionosphere to the quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) in the stratosphere using meteor radar zonal wind observations over monitoring station Kototabang (KB, 0.2°S, 100.3°E), global zonal wind data from the thermosphere and ionosphere extension of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM‐X), equatorial electrojet (EEJ) data over the monitoring station Jicamarca (12°S, 77°W) and global total electron content (TEC) maps. The Fourier fitting method was applied to obtain the monthly mean amplitudes of zonal wind, TEC and EEJ. The least squares fitting method was utilized to perform a spectral analysis. Our data indicate that the QBOs of the stratosphere and mesosphere are present in the zonal winds between 20 and 40 km and 82 and 96 km at KB. The QBO is also present in the global TEC at 40°S to 40°N latitude and is characterized by the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA). We propose that the QBOs in the mesosphere are linked to the QBOs in the ionosphere through the modulation of the E region dynamo by neutral winds and the equatorial ionospheric fountain effect. This model is verified by the QBO signals in the EEJ and diurnal tides in the E region of the ionosphere. The absence of QBO signals in the zonal wind at 250 km confirms that QBO signals in the TEC are not modulated by the zonal wind in the F region ionosphere, which further substantiates the model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The Impact of the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation on the Mesosphere and Ionosphere

Sun

Dou

et al. 2022

JGR Space Physics

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“…Since then there have been published many descriptions and updates (Ebdon, 1971;Tan, 1980, 1982;Labitzke, 1982;Naujokat, 1986), and there was a resurgence of interest in quasi-biennial weather cycles (Craddock, 1968). Although Berson and Kulkarni (1968) speculated about an association between the QBO and the double (Hale) 22-year sunspot cycle, it has only very recently been suggested that the QBO might modulate the relationship of the ll-year sunspot cycle to weather patterns (Labitzke, 1987;van Loon, 1988, 1989;Tinsley, 1988;Labitzke, 1988, 1990;Livezey, 1989, 1991;Venne and Dartt, 1990). The normal pattern of circulation in the middle and upper stratosphere is westerly in the winter hemisphere and easterly in the summer hemisphere, implying a transition from westerly to easterly at or near to the equator.…”

Section: The Quasi-biennial Oscillation (Qbo)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influences of the North Atlantic Oscillation, the EL Niño/Southern Oscillation and the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation on Winter Precipitation in Ireland

Daultrey

1996

The GeoJournal Library

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Ireland's winter precipitation, while on average moderately high and very persistent, is highly variable. Three sources of this variability are examined: the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the EI Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO). The effects of the NAO, ENSO and QBO, singly and jointly, on winter circulation patterns over the North America, the North Atlantic and Europe are described, with particular emphasis on their effects on the disposition of the westerlies and the tracks of extratropical cyclones, the principal sources of winter precipitation over Ireland.Each winter (December-February) from 1957 to 1987 was categorised as to its phase of each of the NAO, ENSO and QBO, and from twelve synoptic stations Ireland's precipitation was categorised as above average, average or below average. Contingency tables of precipitation and oscillation phase were produced. These indicate that there was above average precipitation when the NAO was well positive (strong westerlies), below average precipitation when the ENSO was well positive CHigh/Dry', but a more conventional ENSO classification yielded a much weaker association) and a tendency for above average precipitation during sunspot maxima particularly in the northern half of Ireland in QBO West phase. When ENSO was not well positive and during sunspot minima, precipitation in the north and west was above average when QBO phase was East and below average when QBO phase was West.

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“…With the longer modern record now available, it seems clear that the QBO is indeed a reasonably stable presence in the circulation, but the possibility remains that its behavior could change systematically with time. Schove (1964Schove ( , 1969 and Berson and Kulkarni (1968) examined the pre-1950 behavior of the tropical stratospheric winds in order to investigate possible solar cycle influence on the QBO. More recently the issue of QBO behavior over long periods has been investigated using indirect evidence by Hamilton (1983), Hamilton and Garcia (1984), Vial (1993), and Teitelbaum et al (1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of Tropical Stratospheric Winds before World War II

Hamilton¹

1998

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

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This paper discusses observations of the winds in the tropical stratosphere taken before the advent of regular operational balloon soundings in this region. These observations are at least broadly consistent with modern measurements, in the sense that they show that the winds in the tropical stratosphere have been undergoing some strong interannual variations over the last century. However, the available data appear to be too sparse to construct a detailed chronology of the quasi-biennial oscillation before about 1950.

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Sunspot Cycle and the Quasi-biennial Stratospheric Oscillation

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

The Impact of the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation on the Mesosphere and Ionosphere

The Impact of the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation on the Mesosphere and Ionosphere

The Influences of the North Atlantic Oscillation, the EL Niño/Southern Oscillation and the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation on Winter Precipitation in Ireland

Observations of Tropical Stratospheric Winds before World War II

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