Sunscreen Properties of Marl

Benjatikul, Kitkanya; Mahamongkol, Hansa; Wongtrakul, Paveena

doi:10.5650/jos.ess19232

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In order to prevent such radiation damage, the photoprotectors are indispensable tools (30). Sunscreens are photoprotective substances with the characteristics of absorbing, reflecting or refracting ultraviolet radiation, protecting the skin against direct exposure to sunlight (31,32). Ultraviolet radiation is traditionally divided into: UVC (200-280 nm), UVB (280-320 nm) and UVA (321-400 nm) (31)(32)(33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sunscreens are photoprotective substances with the characteristics of absorbing, reflecting or refracting ultraviolet radiation, protecting the skin against direct exposure to sunlight (31,32). Ultraviolet radiation is traditionally divided into: UVC (200-280 nm), UVB (280-320 nm) and UVA (321-400 nm) (31)(32)(33). Plant extracts and oils have been widely used in the cosmetics industry, mainly in the production of sunscreens, due to the photoprotective action of some species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant extracts and oils have been widely used in the cosmetics industry, mainly in the production of sunscreens, due to the photoprotective action of some species. However, it is important to emphasize that this activity depends among other factors on the capacity of UV radiation absorption and the chemical composition of the sample (17,31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of In Vitro Anti-melanoma Potential of Ephedranthus pisocarpus R.E.Fr.

et al. 2020

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Background/Aim: Despite being a rare disease, melanoma is considered the most dangerous skin cancer due to its highly invasive and aggressive nature, and still requires for more effective treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anti-melanoma potential of Ephedranthus pisocarpus R.E.Fr. (Annonaceae), a popular Brazilian plant with medicinal properties. Materials and Methods: Initially, the ethanolic extract (EtOH) was obtained from E. pisocarpus leaves and later partitioned using increasing polarity solvents. The anti-melanoma potential of E. pisocarpus was assessed by spectrophotometry and its cytotoxicity determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and confocal microscopy. Results: We demonstrated that the EtOH extract and fractions from E. pisocarpus had a moderate photoprotective action (FPS 3.0-5.0) against UVA radiation. Interestingly, the dichloromethane fraction presented higher anti-melanoma activity against B16-F10 (IC 50 =46.8 μg/ml) and SK-MEL-28 cells (IC 50 =40.1 μg/ml) and lesser toxicity on normal cells. Additionally, our study reported that spathulenol, one of the major constituents from E. pisocarpus, acts through an apoptosis-dependent mechanism in SK-MEL-28 cells. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated, for the first time, the in vitro anti-melanoma potential of E. pisocarpus against melanoma cells.Cutaneous melanoma is a type of skin cancer that originates in melanocytes and tends to show early metastasis secondary to the loss of cell adhesion in the primary tumor. Melanoma is considered one of the most aggressive cancer types and characterized by poor prognosis in its advanced stages (1, 2). Despite multiple conventional chemotherapeutic strategies for the treatment of melanoma, this condition remains one of the main fields of oncological research (3, 4). In fact, chemotherapy treatment is poorly effective, burdened with severe adverse effects, and still relies on relatively scarce effective options since melanoma cells are intrinsically resistant to treatments such as radiation and chemotherapy (5-8).Natural products are one of the most important sources of potential anticancer drugs, representing more than 60% of clinically approved anticancer drugs used in therapeutics (9). Because of the diversity of their chemical structure and pharmacological mechanisms, the natural compounds are considered an alternative widely accepted in cancer therapy. However, since most anticancer drugs cause hematopoietic disorders and resistance to the chemotherapeutic regimen, drugs that have anti-metastatic efficacy and low toxicity in normal tissues are still necessary (10)(11)(12).Ephedranthus is a neotropical genus that belongs to the Annonaceae family comprising six known species, found in Colombia and Paraguay, though most Ephedranthus species occur in the Amazon region (13)(14)(15). Ephedranthus pisocarpus R.E.Fr. is a large arboreal plant with medicinal properties popularly known as "envira-de-cocho" or "conduru" found in dry caat...

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