Sunflower seed oil : The influence of temperature on the composition of the fatty acids

Abstract

Sunflower seed has been cultivated in Khartoum during both the summer and winter, and the analytical results for the respective oils are given. It is observed that increased temperature during the period of ripening of the seed leads to a very much reduced linoleic acid content in the oil. The importance of marketing crops grown in the same area during different seasons separately is stressed.

Variation in composition of sunflower oil from composite samples and single seeds of varieties and inbred lines

“…In the pair of lines CM302 and CM308 the later blooming line CM302 had much lower linoleie acid, or degree of unsaturation, but it developed seed during a period of lower temperature than for CM308. Considering the effect of temperature on unsaturation observed by others (1,4,7) the lower degree of unsaturation would have been expected in CM308. Genetic differences in control of oil quality evidently overcame the usual effect of environmental temperatures in this instance.…”

“…The iodine number, or degree of unsaturation, in sunflower oil varies inversely with temperature during development of the seed (1,4,7). Thus, in breeding for oil quality in the crop, differences between varieties or selections must be considered in relation to the mean temperatures after blooming.…”

Effects of Iron Chelates and Nitrogen on Safflower and Flax Seed Production and Oil Content and Quality1

“…Experiments with flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) (14) and saffiower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) at this station 3 have indicated strong environmental effects on seed yields, oil content of the seed, and iodine value of the oil. Similar observations have been reported for other oil crops by Grindley (3), Howell and Carter ( 5), Howell and Collins (6), and Stansbury eta!.…”

“…The need for such information increases with the expanding use of fertilizers and chemicals in agriculture. Yermanos 3 found that foliar sprays of the gametocide sodium a, b, isobutyrate ( FW-450) as well as two other experimental gametocides (FW-676 and G-315) applied to safflower in the bud and blooming stage in concentrations of up to 4% ppm did not alter iodine value of the oil although seed sterility increased and seed oil content decreased. Probst and Everly ( 10,11) reported that soil and foliar applications of insecticides on soybeans did not affect iodine value of the oil.…”

Growth and Development of Irrigated Sunflower in the Texas High Plains1

“…Positive and negative correlations of oleic and linoleic acid concentrations of oil, respectively, with temperature during seed development have been frequently reported (Anderson et al, 1978;Grindley, 1952;Harris et al, 1978;Johnson and Jellum, 1972;Jones, 1984;Keefer et al, 1976;Unger, 1980). However, Unger and Thompson ( 1982), using multiple regression techniques, established that oleic and linoleic acid concentrations of oil were significantly related to solar radiation and daylength, but not to temperature, during seed development.…”