Sulfonated fluorinated block copolymer containing naphthalene unit/sulfonated polyvinylidene-co-hexafluoropropylene/functionalized silicon dioxide ternary composite membrane for low-humidity fuel cell applications

Amelioration in physicochemical properties and single cell performance of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) block copolymer composite membrane using sulfonated carbon nanotubes for intermediate humidity fuel cells

“…Figure presents the FT‐IR spectra of pristine CNT and SCNT. From Figure A, the stretching vibrations attributed to O═S═O from the ─SO 3 H groups in SCNT were found at 1067 and 1178 cm −1 . However, these peaks were absent in pristine CNT, as shown in Figure B.…”

Synthesis of Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether)s in a One‐Pot Polymerization Process and Their Nafion‐Blend Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications

“…Moreover, the characteristic peaks at 2970 cm −1 and 2875 cm −1 could be associated with the C−H stretching of the methyl group in the hydrophobic parts, and the absorption peak at 1006 cm −1 could be ascribed to the stretch of the diphenyl ethers (Ar−O−Ar) of the para‐substituted phenyl rings . The peak at 1404 cm −1 may be attributed to the C−F stretching …”

Nitro-oxidized carboxylated cellulose nanofiber based nanopapers and their PEM fuel cell performance

“…9,50,59 There are several previous studies of cellulose/ionomer composite membranes. [60][61][62][63] Gadim et al blended poly(4styrene sulfonic acid) with bacterial cellulose and achieved an AC conductivity of 14 mS cm À1 at 98% relative humidity (RH) and a maximum power density of 40 mW cm À2 at 125 mA cm À2 . 64 Jiang et al made Naon/bacterial nanocellulose composite membranes which had a proton conductivity of 71 mS cm À1 and a power density of 106 mW cm À2 at 100% RH and at 30 C. 56 Notably, there are only a few studies on functionalized nanocellulose membranes (e.g.…”