Sudden Variation Effect of Aerodynamic Loads and Safety Analysis of Running Trains When Entering Tunnel Under Crosswind

Yang, Weichun; Deng, E.; Zhu, Zhihui; Lei, Mingfeng; Shi, Chenghua; He, Hong

doi:10.3390/app10041445

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Notably, due to the shielding effect of the tunnel walls, the crosswind's impact was limited to the exterior of the train, exerting a distinctive lateral force on this region [1]. Additionally, Yang et al studied the sudden variation effect of aerodynamic loads and safety analysis of running trains when entering tunnels under crosswind, focusing on the transient characteristics and main factors of aerodynamic loads [22]. Li et al confirmed through numerical simulation and field tests that the lateral vibration and aerodynamic drag of trains increased, and micro-pressure waves were produced at the tunnel exit when high-speed trains passed through tunnels [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamic Effects of High-Speed Train Positions During Tunnel Exit Under Crosswind Conditions Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Rajendran,

Ishak,

Arafat

et al. 2024

Int. J. Automot. Mech. Eng.

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Strong crosswinds can cause catastrophic accidents like overturning and derailment in extreme circumstances, therefore the train's capacity to tolerate their impacts is crucial. Despite the significance of this issue, there exists a notable research gap in understanding the specific effects of various positions of a high-speed train within a tunnel on its aerodynamic loads and flow structure under different crosswind conditions. To address this gap, numerical simulations were performed using computational fluid dynamics. The crosswind angles (Ψ) were 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60° and the number of coaches exiting the tunnel was one to three coaches, respectively. The incompressible flow around the train was simulated using the Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) equations in conjunction with the k-epsilon (k-ε) turbulence model. The Reynolds number employed in the simulation was 1.3 x 106, calculated based on the height of the train and the freestream velocity. With regard to aerodynamic performance due to the crosswind, force coefficients such as drag, side, and lift and moment coefficients of rolling, pitching, and yawing were measured. The higher crosswind angles including ψ = 45° and ψ = 60° cases produced the worse results of aerodynamic load coefficients compared to the lower crosswind angles of ψ = 15° and ψ = 30°. For instance, the highest side force coefficient (Cs) was recorded at a crosswind angle of ψ = 45°, with a value of 23.6. Meanwhile, the flow structure revealed that the leading coach of the train experienced intricate flow patterns during crosswinds, characterized by vortices and flow separation. These findings indicate that aerodynamic instabilities can potentially affect the overall performance of the train. Additionally, this increases the risk of derailment or overturning to be high, particularly when the majority of coaches are exiting the tunnel under strong crosswind conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamic Effects of High-Speed Train Positions During Tunnel Exit Under Crosswind Conditions Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Rajendran,

Ishak,

Arafat

et al. 2024

Int. J. Automot. Mech. Eng.

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“…Plenty of research works have been carried out on the HST crosswind safety assessment under different classical operation scenarios, such as tunnel, windbreak breach, bridge, embankment. 1,[3][4][5] It has been shown that the strong crosswind can cause train derailment and even overturning, which greatly threatens the safe operation of HSTs. In fact, the train overturning accidents owing to strong crosswind have been reported in many countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An active suspension system for enhancing running safety of high-speed trains under strong crosswind

Zhang,

Ling,

Zhai

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:

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The running safety of trains subjected to strong crosswinds has become a major concern for the high-speed railways passing through complicated mountain areas. This paper reports an active secondary suspension system to improve the operation stability and running safety of high-speed trains under strong crosswind. The goal of the active suspension system is to regulate the lateral, yaw, and roll motion attitudes of high-speed train carbody, in which a controller is designed by combining with a disturbance observer and the sliding mode control method. To further verify the proposed active suspension strategy, a crosswind-vehicle-track coupled dynamics model is established, where the unsteady aerodynamic loads and random track irregularity excitations are considered. The results show that the proposed active suspension system has the efficient potential to regulate the carbody motion attitudes and enhance the anti-rolling performance of high-speed trains. In comparison to a quasi-static control strategy of active suspension, the use of the proposed active suspension system has led to a significant reduction in both wheel-load reduction ratios and derailment risks of high-speed trains.

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“…However, each study focused on the single motion of the train, and the gas-solid-coupling motion of falling blocks under a train wind environment was overlooked. The driving safety under different natural environments [19][20][21] and infrastructure [22][23][24][25], as well as the safety of ancillary facilities in tunnels [26,27], under a train wind environment have been investigated in various works. However, the influence of spalling and falling blocks of high-speed-railway tunnel linings on driving safety has yet to be investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamic Behavior and Impact on Driving Safety of Spalling Blocks Comprising High-Speed-Railway Tunnel Lining

et al. 2022

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The lining of operating high-speed-railway tunnels suffers from cracks, the peeling of material, and other deteriorations and defects, all of which seriously affect driving safety. However, the trajectory of a falling block from the tunnel lining in a tunnel train wind environment and its impact on driving safety are unknown. To study the movement of falling blocks under a coupling effect of tunnel train wind and the local flow field of the falling blocks, a three-dimensional gas–solid-coupling numerical calculation model of spalling blocks–train–tunnel–air was established using FLUENT software The aerodynamic evolution mechanism governing the spalling blocks of the lining was analyzed, and we found that the falling process of a spalling block is affected by the coupling of its own characteristics and transient train wind. Train wind directly induced the horizontal motion of falling blocks, generated curves and eddy currents, and changed the motion state of spalled blocks. Furthermore, by comprehensively considering the motion trajectories of flaky and blocky blocks at different positions, the impact of spalling blocks on driving safety was obtained. The dangerous area of spalling blocks was approximately 5.5 m above the ground, which must be paid attention to. Our results provide guidance for the operation and maintenance of high-speed-railway tunnels.

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Sudden Variation Effect of Aerodynamic Loads and Safety Analysis of Running Trains When Entering Tunnel Under Crosswind

Cited by 15 publications

References 33 publications

Aerodynamic Effects of High-Speed Train Positions During Tunnel Exit Under Crosswind Conditions Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Aerodynamic Effects of High-Speed Train Positions During Tunnel Exit Under Crosswind Conditions Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

An active suspension system for enhancing running safety of high-speed trains under strong crosswind

Aerodynamic Behavior and Impact on Driving Safety of Spalling Blocks Comprising High-Speed-Railway Tunnel Lining

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