Subclinical Effects and Fenbendazole Treatment of Turkey Ascaridiasis Under Simulated Field Conditions

Yazwinski, T. A.; Tucker, Chris; Stelzleni, A. M.; Johnson, Z. B.; Robins, J.; Downum, K.; Fincher, M. G.; Matlock, J.; Chapman, H. D.

doi:10.1637/0005-2086(2002)046[0886:seafto]2.0.co;2

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…A 90% reduction in a targeted worm population is the minimal level of activity a compound can exhibit for it to be considered efficacious [11,13]. Regardless of the parasite stage, fenbendazole was clearly shown to exhibit nematicidal activity greater than 90%, levels of efficacy that are consistent with previous reports [1,2,5,7]. The exact stage-specific percentages of worm reductions by levamisole are not so readily apparent, given its lack of efficacy and the extreme variance in worm populations both before and after treatment.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

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Efficacies of fenbendazole and levamisole in the treatment of commercial turkeys for Ascaridia dissimilis infections

Yazwinski

Tucker

Reynolds

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

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Primary Audience: Commercial Turkey Flock Managers, Supervisors and Veterinarians, Researchers SUMMARYA field trial was conducted on a farm in Michigan with commercial turkeys naturally infected with ascaridia dissimilis. The birds were treated at approximately 8 and 14 wk of age on a per-barn basis with fenbendazole (Safeguard) in the feed at 16 ppm for 6 d (1 barn), or with levamisole (Prohibit) in the water at 16 mg/kg of BW (2 barns). Six birds were obtained at random and sacrificed in each barn for worm burden determinations before treatments and again soon after treatments. Nematicidal efficacies for fenbendazole and levamisole were shown to be 99.3 to 99.9% and 54.6 to 85.8%, respectively. Despite the far greater reductions in worm burdens by fenbendazole as compared with levamisole, the burdens at the time of retreatment had equalized in all barns, illustrating the role of premunition regarding turkey ascaridiasis, and highlighting the overriding importance of reducing the challenge to provide long-term control of this parasitism.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…These burdens are typically composed of several subpopulations of developmental stages [second-stage larvae (L2), third-stage larvae (L3), fourth-stage larvae (L4), and adults]. Infections are typically associated with lowered feed efficiency and lowered market weights [2,3]. With extreme in-fections, however, mortality may result [4].…”

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confidence: 99%

Efficacies of fenbendazole and levamisole in the treatment of commercial turkeys for Ascaridia dissimilis infections

Yazwinski

Tucker

Reynolds

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

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“…Several other parasiticides are used in the drinking water on a prescription ba-sis (levamisole, oxfendazole, and albendazole). Excellent efficacy has been documented for fenbendazole [2,3], nonefficacious activity has been cited for piperazine [4,5] and levamisole [6], and no documentation of efficacy has been reported for oxfendazole or albendazole in the turkey.…”

Section: Description Of Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthelmintic effect of nitarsone on Ascaridia dissimilis infections in the turkey

Reynolds

Tucker

Yazwinski

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

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Turkey poults were obtained at 1 d of age and placed in clean brooder pens. Subsequently, the following experimental groups of birds were established: 1) birds left as uninfected controls; 2) birds artificially infected on a weekly basis with standardized doses of Ascaridia dissimilis; or 3) birds artificially infected 3 times per week (trickle infections) with standardized doses of A. dissimilis. On a per-pen basis (23 birds per pen), birds on the weekly and trickle infection regimens were also given nitarsone-medicated feed on a continuous basis before and during the infection process (prophylactic treatment) or were given the nitarsone feed after all infective eggs were administered (therapeutic treatment). All medicated feeds were mixed to contain nitarsone at 0.01875%. No differences in FE or bird growth were shown to develop because of bird diet or infection status. Neither regimen of nitarsone medication resulted in significantly decreased worm burdens. The production of eggs by A. dissimilis females, however, was affected greatly by inclusion of nitarsone in the diet. Egg production by ascarids was completely restricted in turkeys that received the prophylactic treatment of nitarsone, and egg production by ascarids was decreased by 97% in turkeys that received the therapeutic treatment compared with the nonmedicated birds. Additionally, dietary nitarsone was shown to stunt adult ascarid length significantly.

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“…However, another study indicated that ALB can be effective in protection of turkeys against Heterakis gallinarum or flagellated form of Histomonas (Hegngi et al , ). Clinical effectiveness in the treatment of turkeys infected by Ascaridia dissimilis is described for homologous drug fenbendazole (Yazwinski et al , ). Unfortunately, both ALB studies were performed without any knowledge of the pharmacokinetics of ALB and its active metabolite SOX.…”

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confidence: 99%

Application of ultra-performance columns in high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of albendazole and its metabolites in turkeys

Grabowski

Jaroszewski

Swierczewska

et al. 2011

Biomed. Chromatogr.

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Methods for determination of albendazole (ALB), albendazole sulfoxide (SOX) and albendazole sulfone (SON) in turkey blood plasma, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection, were developed. Moreover, comparison of HPLC columns with ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) columns was performed. Albendazol was administered orally in 5-week-old birds (n = 18) at a dose of 25 mg/kg b.w. Accuracy and precision of the developed method were satisfactory and stability studies showed acceptable variation (below 15%) in ALB, SOX and SON concentrations when the samples were stored at -75°C for 15 days. UPLC(®) columns gave higher peaks from typical HPLC columns retaining high quality of analysis. Pharmacokinetic analysis indicated quick elimination of ALB from turkey blood plasma. The mean residence time of SON was at least two times longer than that of SOX and four times longer than that of ALB. The elimination half-lives for ALB, SOX and SON were 0.7 ± 0.27, 5.37 ± 6.03, 9.17 ± 5.12 h, respectively. The obtained results indicate that the described method allows for precise determination of albendazole and its metabolites in turkey plasma. Moreover, using UPLC columns in HPLC apparatus results in higher sensitivity as compared with the classical HPLC columns.

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Subclinical Effects and Fenbendazole Treatment of Turkey Ascaridiasis Under Simulated Field Conditions

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Efficacies of fenbendazole and levamisole in the treatment of commercial turkeys for Ascaridia dissimilis infections

Efficacies of fenbendazole and levamisole in the treatment of commercial turkeys for Ascaridia dissimilis infections

Anthelmintic effect of nitarsone on Ascaridia dissimilis infections in the turkey

Application of ultra-performance columns in high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of albendazole and its metabolites in turkeys

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