. 2004. Plant-species identity of pollen collected by bumblebees placed in greenhouses for tomato pollination. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84: 599-602. The seasonal variation of pollen collected from different plant species by greenhouse bumblebees was investigated to determine how frequently bumblebees forage outside of commercial tomato greenhouses. Pollen was collected from bumblebees at three greenhouses between February and September 2001 and the plant species identity of pollen collected was determined with light microscopy. A significant amount of non-tomato pollen was collected by bumblebees during one or more months from outside each of the three greenhouses studied. The bees brought back as little as an average of 5% non-tomato pollen between February and September at one greenhouse and as much as 73% during July at another. Therefore, greenhouse tomato growers are probably not obtaining maximum pollination benefit from bumblebee colonies and should address methods to reduce their foraging outside the greenhouse. À chaque endroit, les bourdons ont prélevé une importante quantité de pollen d'autres fleurs que celles de la tomate pendant un ou plusieurs mois. Ainsi, de février à septembre, les bourdons d'une serre ont rapporté en moyenne jusqu'à un minimum de 5 % de pollen d'autres plantes; en juillet, ils en ont rapporté jusqu'à un maximum de 73 % dans une autre serre. Les producteurs de tomates de serre pourraient donc ne pas obtenir la pollinisation optimale qu'ils espèrent des colonies de bourdons. On devrait envisager diverses méthodes pour empêcher les insectes de butiner à l'extérieur des installations.
SummaryReason for performing study: Management regimes have been identified as risk factors for equine intestinal motility disorders. However, it is not known how management factors affect gastrointestinal motility. Hypothesis: Large intestinal motility was similar in horses on a stabled and a pastured management regime. Objective: To investigate the effect of 2 different management regimes on large intestinal motility assessed with ultrasonography. Methods: A within-subjects crossover design was used to compare large intestinal motility between a stabled and a pastured regime in 16 working horses. Group A was managed under a standardised stabled regime throughout the study.
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