Sub-femtojoule all-optical switching using a photonic-crystal nanocavity

Nozaki, Kengo; Tanabe, Takasumi; Shinya, Akihiko; Matsuo, Shinji; Sato, Tomonari; Taniyama, Hideaki; Notomi, Masaya

doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.89

Cited by 640 publications

(510 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

492

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This threshold is intensity dependent due to the different nonlinear orders of χ (3) Kerr and χ (5) 3PA. Including the slow-light enhancements α 3 ∝ n 3 g and n 2 ∝ n 2 g this relation becomes 0.43 |s|…”

Section: Self-steepening In Semiconductorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, it has been shown that gas-filled hollow-core fibers can activate or suppress nonlinearities such as the Raman effect [4]. In parallel, rapid advances in integrated semiconductor devices have pushed the forefront of optical science by reducing nonlinear thresholds to subfemtojoule energy levels [5] while simultaneously incorporating dispersion control [6]. Among nanostructures, photonic crystal waveguides (PhCWGs) are of extreme interest due to the link between geometric fabrication and direct modulation of the electric field, giving rise to exciting physical phenomena such as slow light and enhanced nonlinearity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Giant anomalous self-steepening in photonic crystal waveguides

Husko

Colman

2015

Phys. Rev. A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Self-steepening of optical pulses arises due the dispersive contribution of the χ (3) (ω) Kerr nonlinearity. In typical structures this response is on the order of a few femtoseconds with a fixed frequency response. In contrast, the effective χ (3) Kerr nonlinearity in photonic crystal waveguides (PhCWGs) is largely determined by the geometrical parameters of the structure and is consequently tunable over a wide range. Here we show self-steepening based on group-velocity (group-index) modulation for the first time, giving rise to a new physical mechanism for generating this effect. Further, we demonstrate that periodic media such as PhCWGS can exhibit self-steepening coefficients two orders of magnitude larger than typical systems. At these magnitudes the self-steepening strongly affects the nonlinear pulse dynamics even for picosecond pulses. Due to interaction with additional higher-order nonlinearities in the semiconductor materials under consideration, we employ a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation numerical model to describe the impact of self-steepening on the temporal and spectral properties of the optical pulses in practical systems, including new figures of merit. These results provide a theoretical description for recent experimental results presented in [Scientific Reports 3, 1100) and Phys. Rev. A 87, 041802 (2013]. More generally, these observations apply to all periodic media due to the rapid group-velocity variation characteristic of these structures.

show abstract

Section: Self-steepening In Semiconductorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant anomalous self-steepening in photonic crystal waveguides

Husko

Colman

2015

Phys. Rev. A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Currently, switching a bit with pulse powers in the few pJ range is a minimum requirement, and efforts are being made to enhance the power efficiency to reach the fJ/bit regime. [14][15][16] To optimize and design colloidal nanocrystals for these applications, it is prerequisite to gain insight into the dynamical processes that are initiated by an optical excitation, in particular, for all-optical switching and wavelength conversion processes. It is particularly important to understand differences and similarities in the response of the nanocrystals to a train of low power laser pulses at high repetition rates and the response to intense pulses with the same average power but much larger temporal spacing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sideband pump-probe technique resolves nonlinear modulation response of PbS/CdS quantum dots on a silicon nitride waveguide

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For possible applications of colloidal nanocrystals in optoelectronics and nanophotonics, it is of high interest to study their response at low excitation intensity with high repetition rates, as switching energies in the pJ/bit to sub-pJ/bit range are targeted. We develop a sensitive pump-probe method to study the carrier dynamics in colloidal PbS/CdS quantum dots deposited on a silicon nitride waveguide after excitation by laser pulses with an average energy of few pJ/pulse. We combine an amplitude modulation of the pump pulse with phase-sensitive heterodyne detection. This approach permits to use co-linearly propagating co-polarized pulses. The method allows resolving transmission changes of the order of 10−5 and phase changes of arcseconds. We find a modulation on a sub-nanosecond time scale caused by Auger processes and biexciton decay in the quantum dots. With ground state lifetimes exceeding 1 μs, these processes become important for possible realizations of opto-electronic switching and modulation based on colloidal quantum dots emitting in the telecommunication wavelength regime.

show abstract

“…High-Q silicon photonic crystal cavity for enhanced optical nonlinearities Ulagalandha Perumal Dharanipathy, 1 We fabricate and experimentally characterize an H0 photonic crystal slab nanocavity with a design optimized for maximal quality factor, Q ¼ 1.7 Â 10 6 . The cavity, fabricated from a silicon slab, has a resonant mode at k ¼ 1.59 lm and a measured Q-factor of 400 000.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4] Considerable effort has been devoted in the last decade to the optimization of these structures. In particular, several studies have been aiming at developing designs with the highest quality factor Q, combined with the smallest modal volume V as the nonlinear optical response of these devices-as well as the Purcell effect and radiation-matter coupling-are enhanced as Q increases and V decreases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Q silicon photonic crystal cavity for enhanced optical nonlinearities

Dharanipathy

Minkov

Tonin

et al. 2014

Applied Physics Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We fabricate and experimentally characterize an H0 photonic crystal slab nanocavity with a design optimized for maximal quality factor, Q = 1.7 × 106. The cavity, fabricated from a silicon slab, has a resonant mode at λ = 1.59 μm and a measured Q-factor of 400 000. It displays nonlinear effects, including high-contrast optical bistability, at a threshold power among the lowest ever reported for a silicon device. With a theoretical modal volume as small as V = 0.34(λ/n)3, this cavity ranks among those with the highest Q/V ratios ever demonstrated, while having a small footprint suited for integration in photonic circuits.

show abstract

Sub-femtojoule all-optical switching using a photonic-crystal nanocavity

Cited by 640 publications

References 42 publications

Giant anomalous self-steepening in photonic crystal waveguides

Giant anomalous self-steepening in photonic crystal waveguides

Sideband pump-probe technique resolves nonlinear modulation response of PbS/CdS quantum dots on a silicon nitride waveguide

High-Q silicon photonic crystal cavity for enhanced optical nonlinearities

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About