Study of the morphological and magnetic structures of nanocrystalline cobalt films obtained by electrodeposition

Szmaja, W.; Kozlowski, W.; Polański, K.; Balcerski, J.; Cichomski, M.; Grobelny, Jarosław; Zieliński, Marek; Miękoś, Ewa

doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.12.065

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In consequence of the magnetic anisotropy reduction, an increase of magnetic domains width can be observed, as shown in Figs. 5a-f and 7a in which the in-plane domain structure with large domains of the order of 10 µm in size can be observed in Refs [7,8,35,51,52].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…They can be prepared by various techniques, for example by sputtering, thermal evaporation, electron beam evaporation, molecular beam epitaxy, pulsed laser deposition, electrodeposition, and chemical vapor deposition [7][8][9]. The obtained films are usually nanocrystalline in nature and possess specific, improved mechanical, physical, magnetic, and chemical properties in comparison with conventional microcrystalline counterparts.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Investigation of thermally evaporated nanocrystalline thin cobalt films

et al. 2017

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structures are of large importance. From the practical point of view, they are very significant for tailoring of the specimens with the required properties. In particular, they allow to develop high-density magnetic and magneto-optic recording media, modern recording heads, high-performance permanent magnets, magnetic sensors, and transformer steel sheets [1,2]. The knowledge of the magnetic domain behavior in relation to the morphological structure of the specimens is also important for theoretical modeling of magnetic properties [1,2].Thin magnetic films attract large attention from the fundamental as well as technological point of view. On the fundamental side, they exhibit different magnetic properties, such as magnetic anisotropy [3], magnetic microstructure [4], coercivity [5], and magnetoresistance [6], depending on their thickness, composition, crystalline structure, and preparation conditions. From the technological point of view, thin magnetic films have a number of applications; for example, they are used in magnetic information storage media, magneto-optic recording media, magnetic devices, and sensors [1,2].In particular, cobalt thin films have been the subject of wide and intense study in recent years. They can be prepared by various techniques, for example by sputtering, thermal evaporation, electron beam evaporation, molecular beam epitaxy, pulsed laser deposition, electrodeposition, and chemical vapor deposition [7][8][9]. The obtained films are usually nanocrystalline in nature and possess specific, improved mechanical, physical, magnetic, and chemical properties in comparison with conventional microcrystalline counterparts. Depending on the film thickness as well as the preparation method and conditions used, cobalt thin films exhibit a wide range of morphological and magnetic properties, and especially various magnetic domain structures with inplane and outofplane magnetization [10][11][12][13]. AbstractIn this paper, a study has been made of nanocrystalline thin cobalt films with thicknesses in the range from 10 to 60 nm. The films were thermally evaporated at incidence angle of 0° in a vacuum of about 10 − 5 mbar. The morphological structure of the films consists of nanocrystalline grains regular in shape and densely packed. As the film thickness is increased from 10 to 60 nm, the average grain size increases from 22.0 to 28.9 nm. The films crystallize mainly in the hexagonal close-packed phase of cobalt. The magnetic structure is composed of domains. In films with thicknesses in the range from 10 to 40 nm, the domains are magnetized in the plane of the film, while films with thicknesses of 50 and 60 nm possess both inplane and perpendicular magnetization components. The domains with inplane magnetization are irregular in shape and typically from a few to 10 mm in size, whereas the domains with perpendicular magnetization form a fine maze stripe pattern of the order of 100 nm in width.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

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Investigation of thermally evaporated nanocrystalline thin cobalt films

et al. 2017

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“…Nanocrystalline copper film produced by pulse plating displayed higher hardness, lower friction coefficient and wear rate than the microcrystalline copper film prepared by DC plating as reported by Tao and Li [9]. Pellicer et al [10] confirmed that PED produced more compact coatings compared with the DC plating. Cobalt (Co) is widely used in various fields such as microelectromechanical system (MEMS) devices, magnetic recording head, reading heads and data storage media [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Influence of carbon nanotube addition on sliding wear behaviour of pulse electrodeposited cobalt (Co)–phosphorus (P) coatings

Anand

Natarajan

2015

Appl. Phys. A

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This work examines the sliding wear behaviour of nanostructured cobalt-phosphorus (Co-P) alloy electrodeposits reinforced with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Nanocrystalline cobalt-phosphorus alloy coatings reinforced with carbon nanotubes were produced by pulse electrodeposition from an aqueous bath. Tribological properties of the coatings with and without MWCNT addition were characterized. Anisotropic tribological behaviour was observed for the coatings reinforced with MWCNTs when slided against hard steel counterparts. The nanocrystalline Co-P-CNT coatings display better wear resistance and friction reduction compared with the nanocrystalline Co-P coating. The friction coefficients and wear rates of the nanocrystalline Co-P-CNT coating are influenced by the test conditions including the applied load, sliding speed and more importantly the alignment of MWCNTs in the deposits. The wear mechanisms of the nanocrystalline Co-P and Co-P-CNT alloy coatings involved in different sliding conditions are explained related to their friction and wear properties.

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“…The basic characteristics of magnetic field is that it is able to apply force to the electric charges which moving in magnetic field, i.e., the energized conductor is affected by the magnetic force in magnetic field [16]. When magnetic field was applied in the material preparation process, the electromagnetic force acting on the prepared material may be expressed as follow equation [17], [18]:…”

Section: The Working Principle Of External Magnetic Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Research and Development of the External Magnetic Field Acting on Electro-Deposition Process

Wang

2016

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. The research and development status of the electro-deposition technology under the action of external magnetic field are introduced. The basic characteristics and applied manners of external magnetic field in electrodeposition process are summarized. The acting principle of external magnetic field, the effects of magnetic hydrodynamics (MHD) caused by the Lorentz force, and the acting of magnetic force on the metal ions and particles are described. The main actions of external magnetic field include MHD effect, magnetizing force, affecting the physical and chemical properties of the bath, affecting the disperse ability and coverage capacity of bath, affecting the mass transfer process of electro-deposition, affecting the chemical reaction process and current distribution of electrode surface. Some examples of electro-depositing single metal coatings, alloy coatings and composite coatings under action of magnetic field are explained. During the electro-depositing process, the external magnetic field has different degrees of impact on solution properties, mass transfer, charge transfer, content of composited nanoparticles, crystal growth and crystal orientation etc. The specific impact of magnetic field during the electro-depositing is also classified and summarized. The problems that existed in electro-deposition process while applying magnetic field and the next development trend were summarized.

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Study of the morphological and magnetic structures of nanocrystalline cobalt films obtained by electrodeposition

Cited by 26 publications

References 28 publications

Investigation of thermally evaporated nanocrystalline thin cobalt films

Investigation of thermally evaporated nanocrystalline thin cobalt films

Influence of carbon nanotube addition on sliding wear behaviour of pulse electrodeposited cobalt (Co)–phosphorus (P) coatings

The Research and Development of the External Magnetic Field Acting on Electro-Deposition Process

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