Study of the Germination Capacity of Seeds of Hybrids of the Soft Spring Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) in Various Ecological and Geographical Conditions

Ripberger, E. I.; Bome, Nina A.; Trautz, Diete

doi:10.12731/wsd-2014-8-11

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Мутагени у високих концентраціях діють більш випадково, з індукуванням важких пошкоджень генетичного апарату клітини та виникненням великої кількості цитогенетичних порушень. І хоча вважають, що з підвищенням концентрації хімічних мутагенних чинників також зростає частота генних мутацій, їх виявленню у фенотипі заважають перебудови хромосом, анеуплоїдія, знижена життєздатність [6,11]. Тому можна припустити, що відсутність суттєвої різниці між частотою клітин із хромосомними абераціями за дії НМС у концентраціях 0,005 % і 0,01 % пов'язана зі зростанням кількості саме точкових мутацій -специфічних генетичних порушень, індукованих низькими і помірними концентраціями мутагену.…”

Section: результати та обговоренняunclassified

Cytogenetic disorders of winter wheat root meristem cells under the action of moderate and high concentrations of N-nitroso-N-methylurea

Yakymchuk

2023

Fakt. eksp. evol. org.

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Aim. To study the frequency and spectrum of the cytogenetic disorders in Triticum aestivum L., induced by the effect of moderate and high concentrations of N-nitroso-N-methylurea. Methods. The seeds of winter wheat of cultivars Albatros odeskyi and Zymoiarka were treated with water solution of N-nitroso-N-methylurea in such concentrations as 0.005 %, 0.01 %, 0.025 %. A cytogenetic analysis of the cells of a root meristem was made with help of an anatelophase method. Results. The frequency of mitoses with chromosome aberrations amounted to 2.74–23.05 %, and it depended on the concentration of a mutagen and a plant genotype. A significant increase of the frequency of the aberrant cells was recorded as a result of the effect of the mutagen in the concentration 0.025 %, which was associated with a radiometric impact caused by the influence of a chemical mutagen in a high concentration. The spectrum of cytogenetic disorders contained mostly acentric fragments, the bridges of a chromatid type and the chromosomes which lagged behind. As the super-mutagen concentration increased, the spectrum expansion of the cytogenetic disorders took place at the expense of the even acentric fragments, micro-nuclei and acentric rings. Conclusions. The frequency of the chromosome aberrations, induced by the effect of NMU, exceeds the control level by 3.5–39.7 times, and it depends directly on the concentration of a chemical mutagen. N-nitroso-N-methylurea in the concentration equal to 0.025 % shows a radiometric effect which classifies a mentioned amount of the concentration of a super-mutagen as a high one. A serious increase of the indicator of the number of aberrations per aberrant cell appeared to be typical only when it was under the effect of a chemical mutagen in the highest concentration.

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Section: результати та обговоренняunclassified

Cytogenetic disorders of winter wheat root meristem cells under the action of moderate and high concentrations of N-nitroso-N-methylurea

Yakymchuk

2023

Fakt. eksp. evol. org.

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“…Было сделано предположение о взаимодействии фосфемида с белками посредством этилениминных групп и возможном включении в структуру хромосом во время синтеза ДНК благодаря пиримидиновому основанию (Weisfeld, 1965(Weisfeld, , 2014. Современные исследования влияния фосфемида на генотипическую изменчивость хозяйственно ценных признаков культурных растений начались после синтеза препарата в 2014 г. Объектом исследования служили сорта озимой и яровой мягкой пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.) (Bome, 2014;Ripberger, Bome, 2014).…”

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Studies on mutagenic effect of phosphemide in barley

Bome

2022

Trudy po prikladnoy botanike, genetike i selektsii

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Background. The method of induced mutagenesis is used to temporarily increase the frequency of mutations, allowing a higher probability of obtaining plants with new alleles and traits valuable for breeding. The search for new agents with high mutagenic activity is of particular interest for the development of mutational breeding. A new mutagen for barley is phosphemide.Materials and methods. Field and laboratory studies were conducted in 2016–2018. Three barley genotypes were treated with an aqueous solution of phosphemide at two concentrations: 0.002% and 0.01%, exposure: 3 hours. Experimental data were statistically processed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) using Statistica 7. The error of the mean (Sx) was calculated for the mean values. Significance of differences (P < 0.05) was determined by Student’s t-test. Mutation frequency (Mf), mutagenic effectiveness (ME), and efficiency (Me) were assessed.Results and conclusion. It was found that the greatest contribution to formation of field seed germination of mutant populations in M1 and M2 generations was made by the mutagenic factor (20,36%) and interaction of the genotype × environment (18,55%) and mutagen × environment factors (14,93%). The concentration of 0.01% was recognized as semi-lethal for two accessions. In the M2 generation, the mutagenic effectiveness of the 0.002% phosphemide concentration exceeded that of 0.01% more than 4 times. The low concentration was more effective for cv. ‘Zernogradsky 813’ (17.43%) and accession Dz02- 129 (12.04%). For C.I. 10995, a higher concentration of phosphemide had greater effect (29.66%) providing a high mutation frequency (9.79%) against a relatively low lethality (33.00%). Nine different types were identified in the mutation spectrum. In M3 generation, distinct inheritance of the changes was confirmed in 46.43% of families. The highest number of families with confirmed changes was recorded for C.I. 10995 in the experiment with a higher concentration.

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Study of the Germination Capacity of Seeds of Hybrids of the Soft Spring Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) in Various Ecological and Geographical Conditions

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Cytogenetic disorders of winter wheat root meristem cells under the action of moderate and high concentrations of N-nitroso-N-methylurea

Cytogenetic disorders of winter wheat root meristem cells under the action of moderate and high concentrations of N-nitroso-N-methylurea

Studies on mutagenic effect of phosphemide in barley

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