Study of pressure and temperature developing profiles in crude oil pipe flows

Dunia, Ricardo; Campo, Antônio; Guzman, R.E.

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2011.06.019

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Nevertheless, sequential heating of warmed heavy oil is needed because of heat losses with the environment and the effect of the temperature on viscosity. 19 Therefore, the method of heating heavy oil is economically viable for long pipelines when oil is reheated in the pumping stations and pipelines are properly insulated. Insulation options include an extra layer of insulation and burying the pipeline to conserve heat.…”

Section: ■ Economic Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Heavy Crude Oil Flows in Pipelines with Electromagnetic Heaters

Dunia

Edgar

2012

Energy Fuels

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The electromagnetic heating of heavy crude oil in cylindrical pipes represents a novel technique to reduce fluid viscosity and diminish the cost required for its transportation. In this study, the oil viscous fluid momentum and energy balances, which include the effects of electromagnetic heating, variable viscosity, and fluid dielectric properties, are solved in cylindrical coordinates. The electromagnetic energy absorbed by oil is converted into sensible heat, which could significantly reduce the viscosity of heavy crude oil fluids. This drop in fluid viscosity diminishes flow pressure losses in pipelines, which reduces the number and size of pumping stations between oil producers and consumers. Different pipe materials are considered here to determine the effect of their dielectric properties in the fluid flow. Simulation results show that pipe materials with large electromagnetic absorption tend to attenuate the pipe interior electromagnetic field, which reduces the direct warming of the fluid. This significant reduction in the direct fluid heating suggests that pipes made by transparent electromagnetic materials are preferred for this type of application. A fixed cost analysis of using electromagnetic heaters was made to maximize the distance between pump stations in a long pipeline stretch. The simulation results demonstrate that electromagnetic heaters increase the distance between pump stations by 30%.

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Section: ■ Economic Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Heavy Crude Oil Flows in Pipelines with Electromagnetic Heaters

Dunia

Edgar

2012

Energy Fuels

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“…Depending on the oil viscosity, the expenses with petroleum transport may be affected adversely. For instance, heavy oil flow leads to a large pressure drop due to high oil viscosity, resulting in a significant amount of energy required to pump the fluid and an increase in operating costs (Andrade et al, 2013;Dunia et al, 2011;Hasan et al, 2010;Gadelha et al, 2013;Martínez-Palou et al, 2011). In addition, the extraction of petroleum in deep waters, where the water temperature is approximately 5 °C, is still challenging since the oil viscosity is a function of the temperature (Albuquerque et al, 2007;Marinho, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, studies on pressure drop prediction for petroleum flow have been important from an economic standpoint. However, because the petroleum flow is usually characterized as a two-phase flow, the presence of a second phase makes the calculation utilized to predict the pressure drop more complex (Chang et al, 2008;García et al, 2007;Jahanandish et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Pressure Drop and Liquid Volume Fraction of the Oil-Gas Flow in a Vertical Pipe Using CFX and the Beggs and Brill Correlation: Viscosity Effects

Silva

Marinho

2016

BJPG

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Two-phase liquid-gas flows are common in several industrial processes. Since oil and gas are simultaneously produced in most petroleum reservoirs, the two-phase flow occurs in petroleum transport as well. Depending on the petroleum viscosity, a large amount of energy is needed to move the oil-gas mixture, resulting in significant expenses. The present work aims to investigate the influence of oil viscosity on pressure drop and liquid volume fraction of the upward two-phase flow of different types of oil in a vertical pipe. This study was accomplished using Computational Fluid Dynamic techniques, and Beggs and Brill correlation. The numerical simulations were performed using the application Ansys CFX 13.0, in which governing equations were solved utilizing the finite volume method. The results of pressure drop and liquid volume fraction obtained by both methods were analyzed and discussed. The numerical results for the pressure drop show that the CFX value was approximately 24% lower than that predicted by the Beggs and Brill correlation in the worst case. The liquid volume fraction decreased along the pipe length due to the viscosity effects of the oil.

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“…For the correct evaluation of these profiles it is important to take into account the variation of the physical properties with local operating conditions. In addition, it is important to correctly evaluate heat losses, hence an adequate representation of the boundary condition (buried, subsea, over-ground) is essential [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the flexibility of pipeline infrastructure to cope with heavy oils: Incremental thermal retrofit

Díaz-Bejarano

Porsin

Macchietto

2016

Applied Thermal Engineering

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Pipelines that were well designed for conventional oils may not be able to cope with a transition to heavy oils without some retrofit adaptation, as the increased pressure drop may exceed constraints and force some reduction in throughput. In this paper, ways of enhancing the utilization of existing, capital intensive infrastructure by small, incremental additions are explored. A thermo-hydraulic pipeline model for a buried pipeline is presented. The model is then applied to a case study involving a section of the important, recently built Russia-China ESPO pipeline, for which a gradual shift from the current (design) light oil to heavier oils is considered. A number of thermal retrofit scenarios are proposed and assessed which involve the incremental supply of additional heat at selected points. These scenarios go from pre-heating of the oil at entrance to use of single and multiple intermediate heating stations. The heating duty requirements for each case are calculated. The results show that a careful use of such thermal management techniques can significantly mitigate the reduction in throughput that would

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Study of pressure and temperature developing profiles in crude oil pipe flows

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Study of Heavy Crude Oil Flows in Pipelines with Electromagnetic Heaters

Study of Heavy Crude Oil Flows in Pipelines with Electromagnetic Heaters

Study on Pressure Drop and Liquid Volume Fraction of the Oil-Gas Flow in a Vertical Pipe Using CFX and the Beggs and Brill Correlation: Viscosity Effects

Enhancing the flexibility of pipeline infrastructure to cope with heavy oils: Incremental thermal retrofit

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