Study of ionospheric response to the 4B flare on 28 October 2003 using International GPS Service network data

Zhang, D. H.; Xiao, Zuo

doi:10.1029/2004ja010738

Cited by 65 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Most studies of terrestrial effects of solar flares have focused on the ionospheric aspects (e.g., Mitra 1974; Davies 1990;Mendillo et al 1974;Zhang et al 2005;Tsurutani et al 2006), with relatively sparse research concerning the thermosphere (Sutton et al 2005;Liu et al 2007a;Pawlowski and Ridley 2008). The thermosphere, with its large mass and high heat capacity, is expected to be slower in responding to transient events such as solar flares.…”

Section: Response To Solar Flaresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermospheric Density: An Overview of Temporal and Spatial Variations

2011

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Neutral density shows complicated temporal and spatial variations driven by external forcing of the thermosphere/ionosphere system, internal dynamics, and thermosphere and ionosphere coupling. Temporal variations include abrupt changes with a time scale of minutes to hours, diurnal variation, multi-day variation, solar-rotational variation, annual/semiannual variation, solar-cycle variation, and long-term trends with a time scale of decades. Spatial variations include latitudinal and longitudinal variations, as well as variation with altitude. Atmospheric drag on satellites varies strongly as a function of thermospheric mass density. Errors in estimating density cause orbit prediction error, and impact satellite operations including accurate catalog maintenance, collision avoidance for manned and unmanned space flight, and re-entry prediction. In this paper, we summarize and discuss these density variations, their magnitudes, and their forcing mechanisms, using neutral density data sets and modeling results. The neutral density data sets include neutral density observed by the accelerometers onboard the Challenging Mini-satellite Payload (CHAMP), neutral density at satellite perigees, and global-mean neutral density derived from thousands of orbiting objects. Modeling results are from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) thermosphere-ionosphere-electrodynamics general circulation model (TIE-GCM), and from the NRLMSISE-00 empirical model.

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Section: Response To Solar Flaresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermospheric Density: An Overview of Temporal and Spatial Variations

2011

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“…The solar electromagnetic emission mainly influences the subsolar region (Zhang and Xiao, 2005), while the SEP affects the ionosphere at high and middle latitudes. Note that in classical dipole approach (e.g.…”

Section: Discussion and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 28 October flare was class X17/4B and the GOES-10 X-ray peak intensity reached up to 18·10 −4 Watts/m 2 . Its ionospheric impact, estimated by Tsurutani et al (2005), and Zhang and Xiao (2005) was, respectively, ∼25 TECU and 17.6 TECU or ∼30% and ∼21% above the background. The X10/3B flare on 29 October (GOES-10 X-ray peak intensity of ∼10·10 −4 Watts/m 2 ) produced an ∼5 TECU (∼6%) enhancement .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Top-side ionosphere response to extreme solar events

et al. 2006

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Abstract. Strong X-flares and solar energetic particle (SEP) fluxes are considered as sources of topside ionospheric disturbances observed by the ROCSAT-1/IPEI instrument during the Bastille Day event on 14 July 2000 and the Halloween event on 28 October-4 November 2003. It was found that within a prestorm period in the dayside ionosphere at altitudes of ∼600 km the ion density increased up to ∼80% in response to flare-associated enhancements of the solar X-ray emission. Ionospheric response to the SEP events was revealed both at sunlit and nightside hemispheres, where the ion density increased up to ∼40% and 100%, respectively. We did not find any prominent response of the ion temperature to the X-ray and SEP enhancements. The largest X-ray and SEP impacts were found for the X17 solar flare on 28 October 2003, which was characterized by the most intense fluxes of solar EUV and relativistic solar particles (Veselovsky et al., 2004). Solar events on 14 July 2000 and 29 October 2003 demonstrate weaker impacts with respect to their X-ray and SEP intensities. The weakest ionospheric response is observed for the limb X28 solar flare on 4 November 2003. The topside ionosphere response to the extreme solar events is interpreted in terms of the short-duration impact of the solar electromagnetic radiation and the long-lasting impact of the SEP.

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“…Internet-shared and globally distributed GPS observations provide the worldwide researchers with a facility to study the local, regional and global ionosphere independently, quickly and simultaneously. Research on ionospheric morphology and disturbance based on this parameter greatly extends our understanding for the ionospheric temporal and spatial variations (Ho et al, 1996;Mannucci et al, 1998;Mendillo, 2000;Zhang and Xiao, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy analysis of the GPS instrumental bias estimated from observations in middle and low latitudes

Zhang

et al. 2010

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. With one bias estimation method, the latituderelated error distribution of instrumental biases estimated from the GPS observations in Chinese middle and low latitude region in 2004 is analyzed statistically. It is found that the error of GPS instrumental biases estimated under the assumption of a quiet ionosphere has an increasing tendency with the latitude decreasing. Besides the asymmetrical distribution of the plasmaspheric electron content, the obvious spatial gradient of the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) along the meridional line that related to the Equatorial Ionospheric Anomaly (EIA) is also considered to be responsible for this error increasing. The RMS of satellite instrumental biases estimated from mid-latitude GPS observations in 2004 is around 1 TECU (1 TECU = 10 16 /m 2 ), and the RMS of the receiver's is around 2 TECU. Nevertheless, the RMS of satellite instrumental biases estimated from GPS observations near the EIA region is around 2 TECU, and the RMS of the receiver's is around 3-4 TECU. The results demonstrate that the accuracy of the instrumental bias estimated using ionospheric condition is related to the receiver's latitude with which ionosphere behaves a little differently. For the study of ionospheric morphology using the TEC derived from GPS data, in particular for the study of the weak ionospheric disturbance during some special geo-related natural hazards, such as the earthquake and severe meteorological disasters, the difference in the TEC accuracy over different latitude regions should be paid much attention.

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Study of ionospheric response to the 4B flare on 28 October 2003 using International GPS Service network data

Cited by 65 publications

References 23 publications

Thermospheric Density: An Overview of Temporal and Spatial Variations

Thermospheric Density: An Overview of Temporal and Spatial Variations

Top-side ionosphere response to extreme solar events

Accuracy analysis of the GPS instrumental bias estimated from observations in middle and low latitudes

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