Study of Eosinophil Count in Nasal and Blood Smear in Allergic Respiratory Diseases

Abstract

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis and asthma are two very common allergic diseases of respiratory tract in pediatric patients. In this geographical area, where the prevalence of allergens exists, the role of allergens as the etiological factor is higher in allergic respiratory disorders. Confirmation of allergen as etiologic agent is cumbersome in a small setup, where IgE estimation and allergy tests are not accessible. In this study, the simple test of peripheral smear and nasal smear eosinophil count as a reliable diagnosis to solve the above problem and establishing allergy as etiological agent has been tried. Material and Methods: For the present study which was conducted over 2 years in children between 2 to 12 years who visited tertiary health care center, Nashik. The allergic respiratory cases based on typical history and clinical features were included in the study and investigated for nasal and blood eosinophilia. Children with TB, recurrent and chronic pneumonia, malnutrition, malignancy, collagen vascular disorders and those who are on steroid therapy were excluded from the study. The clinical profile of allergic rhinitis with or without asthma and nasal and blood eosinophils are studied. Result: Out of 100 patients, there was male predominance and incidence was increasing as age increases. Dust is the most common risk factor for allergic rhinitis followed by weather changes, whereas in allergic rhinitis with bronchial asthma, weather change is common risk factor followed by dust and family history. In children with allergic rhinitis with or without bronchial asthma, there is positive relation between nasal and peripheral smear eosinophil count. Conclusion: So, nasal eosinophil count which is simple, non-invasive, economical and reliable can be used as an alternative to invasive peripheral smear eosinophil count as both are equally efficacious in diagnosing allergic respiratory diseases.

Determination of Serum IgE and Eosinophils as a Diagnostic Indicator in Allergic Rhinitis

“…Higher eosinophil count was found in patients with allergic rhinitis (4.49%) compared to controls (2.36%). These results were consistent with Sonawane et al [2], Demirjian et al [8] and Brakhas et al [10]. A weakly positive correlation was found between serum log IgE and eosinophil levels in patients with allergic rhinitis which was also evident in study conducted by Brakhas et al [10].…”

“…Estimation of serum IgE and eosinophil levels can serve as a simple, economical and reliable investigative tool in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis [1,2]. Considering the above background, the aim and objectives of the present study was to determine serum IgE and eosinophil levels in patients with allergic rhinitis and healthy controls, men and women, of different age groups and establish a correlation between serum IgE and eosinophil.…”

“…Allergic rhinitis is the most common increasing allergic respiratory disorder affecting 10-20% of the population [1]. The term allergy was coined by Clemens Vonpirquet from Greek word ''allos'' meaning ''others'' and ''ergon'' meaning reaction to describe hypersensitivity reaction in 1906 [2]. Allergic rhinitis is an immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated hypersensitivity disease of mucous membrane of nasal airway characterized by sneezing, itching, watery nasal discharge and sensation of nasal obstruction.…”

Allergic Rhinitis: Impact and Common Triggers in Primary School Children in Calabar, Nigeria

“…Kumar et al [5]: dust and cold weather changes were allergens reported in 81% and 62% respectively. Also, Sonawane et al [23] reported dust in 54 (87.1%), weather changes 37 (59.7%), history of family atopy 27 (43.6%) and animal pets13 (21.0%). Family history of atopy was a strong risk factor in this study like in Mercer et al [16] who reported that family history was positive for AR in 88% of their patients.…”

Rinitis no alérgica con síndrome eosinofílico. Reporte de caso

“…4,12 El diagnóstico de la NARES se basa en la presencia de síntomas de la enfermedad con pruebas cutáneas negativas, IgE total normal y presencia de eosinófi los en citología nasal (> 20 %), así como ausencia de respuesta ante pruebas específi cas nasales de provocación o ausencia de IgE específi ca en secreciones nasales. 13,14,15,16 El tratamiento es principalmente con corticoides nasales dado que la eosinofi lia nasal indica buena respuesta a esteroides tópicos. Los corticoides nasales disminuyen los síntomas de la enfermedad y reducen el tamaño y recurrencia de los pólipos nasales.…”