Study of ABO System and Multiple Sclerosis disease in Iraq

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of an autoimmune condition with uncertain etiopathology. According to new data, ABO system had played a role in the development and understanding numerous diseases. Lower level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25-OHD3) is considered as a risk factor for MS. The aims of this study is to identify the role of blood group distribution on the levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-OHD3, total calcium, inorganic phosphorus and total magnesium on MS patients. Additionally, we assessed the relation between Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and study parameters in patients. The Study included 107 patients with MS were distributed in to four groups according to their blood group (A, B, AB, and O). Additionally, 124 apparently healthy individuals as control group. Tukey analysis was showed the level of 25-OHD3 in patients with B+ was significant decrease than O+ and A+ patients group (P≤0.05). Furthermore, EDSS was negatively correlated with 25-OHD3 (P≤0.05) in B+ and O+ patient groups. Through this study, ABO group may be consider as a risk factor for MS susceptibility as another interesting variable.

Correlation Between Integrin Alpha-4 Gene Polymorphisms and Failure to Respond to Natalizumab Therapy in Iraqi Multiple Sclerosis Patients

“…Regarding this study's demographic characteristics, the results were similar to other studies on MS patients in Iraq. The baseline EDSS, mean age, and gender ratio were consistent with studies that involved MS patients and looked at therapy contentment, quality of life, and diagnostic markers [32][33][34][35][36].…”

Integrin alpha-4 gene polymorphism in relation to natalizumab response in multiple sclerosis patients

“…The mean age, the preponderance of females over males and baseline EDSS were consistent with studies included MS patients for treatment satisfaction, quality of life, and diagnosis predictors. [34][35][36][37] Almost all protein therapies could be rendered ineffective by the development of neutralizing antibodies. 4 Approximately 4.5% to 11.4% of NAT-treated MS patients can generate anti-NAT antibodies during the early phases of treatment varying between transient and persistent antibodies.…”