Studies on the Arizona Group of Enterobacteriaceae

Abstract

I. DEFINMION OF THE ARIZONA GROUP (17) confirmed all the above-mentioned observa-The Arizona group of the family Elterobac-tions with the exception that 33.2 per cent of teriaceae is composed of bacteria closely related 457 monophasic Arizona strains tested utilized to the members of the genus SalmoneUa but dis mucate within 20 hr, whereas none of 164 ditinguishable from them by biochemical methods. phasic strains did so. Twelve reaction patterns The biochemical properties of the two groups were obtained in testing 1136 salmonellae and are delineated in table 1. The reactions listed are 621 Arizona strains in the four organic acid those given by typical members of the two groups media. Six of these reaction patterns contained and exception may be taken to them on the 93.7 per cent of the salmonellae whereas three ground that the two reaction patterns are very other patterns contained 98.7 per cent of the simiar and that not every culture of the groups Arizona cultures. The results are summarized adheres to the patterns delineated. For instance, briefly in table 2. a number of well known Salmonela types fail At the time Edwards et al. (16) published an to ferment dulcitol and a few rare types liquefy extended study of Arizona serotypes, some diffigelatin. Nevertheless, the tests listed above are culty was encountered in framing a definition of those used in the laboratory for primay group the group. Subsequentiy the KCN test as modidifferentiation of Enterobacteriaemae and when fied by Moeller (29) and the lysine decarboxylase interpreted judiciously in combination with the tests of Moeller (30) and of Carlquist (6) have results of serologic examination, an excellent come into general use so that no difficulty now is indication can be obtained as to which of the two experienced in ditingug Arizona strains groups a given culture belongs. Gelatin liquefac-from those of Citrobacter (Eschrichia freundii) tion is a very constant property of the Arizona (Edwards and Fife (10); Edwards et al. (13)). group and the test can be made much more useful Certain biochemical characteristics of Arizona if the rapid method of Kohn as modified by Lau-strains are somewhat less uniform than those of trop (27) is used. SalmoneUa serotypes. In studying the ability of Certain additional tests are of value in differen-the two groups to grow in KCN medium, Edtiating the two groups. Schaub (34) noted that wards and Fife (10) found that whereas only 1.1 Arizona strains utilized malonate whereas sal-per cent of the Salmonella strains tested were monellae did not. This observation was confirmed positive, 7.7 per cent of the Arizona strains were by Shaw (37). Kauffmann and Petersen (25) able to initiate growth. It should be stated, hownoted that salmonellae utilized D-tartrate, mu-ever, that the majority of Arizona cultures which cate, and citrate rapidly, whereas Arizona culwere KCN positive belonged to 0 group 21 and tures did not. In the examination of a large series that strains of the 0 group were almost constantly of SalmoneUa and Arizona...

Plating Medium for Differentiating Salmonella arizonae from Other Salmonellae

“…(This paper was presented at the 76th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, [2][3][4][5][6][7] May 1976, Atlantic City, New Jersey. )…”

Isolations of subgenus III salmonellas (arizonas) in Cardiff, 1959–1971

“…P. Singh, personal communication). The serotype Ar 26:23:30, which we found in the terrapin tank, has also appeared repeatedly in monkeys affected with diarrhoea in which no shigellas or salmonellas were found (Edwards et al 1959).…”

“…It has been found in sheep in several parts of the United States of America and also in Europe. There is a record of a previous isolation from a pig (Edwards, Fife & Ramsey, 1959). It has also been recovered from members of American red indian tribes in close contact with sheep (P. R. Edwards, personal communication).…”

Factors associated with the dissemination of Salmonellae in turkey products and processing plants

“…It was also responsible for a human outbreak involving 23 persons. Chocolate eclairs were the incriminated food (Edwards et al, 1959).…”