Studies on Spore Germination: Its Independence From Alanine Racemase Activity

Church, Brooks D.; Halvorson, Harlyn O.

doi:10.1128/jb.68.4.393-399.1954

Cited by 86 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The role of L-alanine in aerobic spore gertmination has been reported by several investigators: Hills (1950), Stewart and Halvorson (1953), Powell (1950) and Church et al (1954). Howevei, this is the first report presenting the role of L-alanine in the germination of anaerobic spores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Requirements for Production and Germination of Spores of Anaerobic Bacteria

1957

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The important role of amino acids in spore germination was established by Hills (1949) and Stewart and Halvorson (1953). Their studies, however, were limited to the aerobic forms because the anaerobes could not be made to produce sufficient quantities of spores in media within a specified time. Using an autoclaved 1 per cent solution of glucose phosphate, Wynne et al. (1954) germinated anaerobic spores in 1 hr, but rapid germination in a medium of well-defined nutrients has not been reported. The investigation reported here had three phases: (1) the development of media and methods for growing and harvesting anaerobic spores, (2) the determination of the optimum conditions and minimal nutritional requirements for their rapid germination, and (3) a study of the effect of inhibitors on germination. MATERIALS AND METHODS Organisms. Cultures of Clostridium butylicum strain 6014, Clostridium roseum strain 6012 (both of the American Type Culture Collection), and Clostridium acetobutylicum were tested for their ability to sporulate in various media and under different conditions. Stock cultures maintained on brain heart infusion medium (Difco) were used to inoculate 150 ml of clear sporulation medium in 6 oz bottles. The sporulation medium (TS-5) giving optimum spore production contained trypticase (BBL), 1.5 per cent; glucose, 0.2 per cent; sodium 1 This research was supported in part by Swift and Company, Office of Naval Research, and taken in part from a dissertation presented by the senior author in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Requirements for Production and Germination of Spores of Anaerobic Bacteria

1957

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“…Preparation and heat activation of spores. Spores of Bacillus cereus strain T were grown, harvested, and washed as described by Church, Halvorson, and Halvorson, (1954). Lyophilized spores (stored at 20 C for 1 week to 6 months) were used for all experiments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

l -ALANINE DEHYDROGENASE: A MECHANISM CONTROLLING THE SPECIFICITY OF AMINO ACID-INDUCED GERMINATION OF BACILLUS CEREUS SPORES

O’Connor

Halvorson

1961

J Bacteriol

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“…of salts, are important (5,7,20). The enhancement of inhibition at low pH has been interpreted to mean that nitrous acid is a reactant intimately involved in the inhibition (6).…”

Section: Effect Of Thionitrates On [14c]uracil Incor-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Some Inhibitors Derived from Nitrite on Macromolecular Synthesis in Bacillus cereus

Hansen¹,

Levin²

1975

Applied Microbiology

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The effect of several inhibitors derived from nitrite on incorporation of [14C]uracil into ribonucleic acid ofBacillus cereus during outgrowth and vegetative growth has been determined. A heat-induced inhibitor presumably of the Perigo type was compared with the nitrosothiols ofthioglycolate and ,3-mercaptoethanol. All were found to effectively inhibit uracil incorporation at all stages tested. Phase-contrast microscopy revealed that inhibition of morphological events occurred either before germination or during early outgrowth, depending on inhibitor concentration. It was also found that a precursor to the heat-induced inhibitor could be isolated from dialyzable tryptone (a pancreatic digest of casein), which chromatographed as a single species on diethylaminoethyl-cellulose and Sephadex G-25, with an apparent molecular weight of about 2,000.

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Studies on Spore Germination: Its Independence From Alanine Racemase Activity

Cited by 86 publications

References 15 publications

Requirements for Production and Germination of Spores of Anaerobic Bacteria

Requirements for Production and Germination of Spores of Anaerobic Bacteria

l -ALANINE DEHYDROGENASE: A MECHANISM CONTROLLING THE SPECIFICITY OF AMINO ACID-INDUCED GERMINATION OF BACILLUS CEREUS SPORES

Effect of Some Inhibitors Derived from Nitrite on Macromolecular Synthesis in Bacillus cereus

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