Effect of Some Inhibitors Derived from Nitrite on Macromolecular Synthesis in Bacillus cereus

Hansen, J. N.; Levin, R. A.

doi:10.1128/aem.30.5.862-869.1975

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Nitrosothiols with a general structure of RSN=O are bacteriostatic agents which interfere with the development of bacterial spores into vegetative forms in those systems which have been examined (4,5) and have been observed to form spontaneously during curing processes employing nitrite (7; G. Woolford, Ph.D. thesis, University of Surrey, Surrey, England, 1974). Nitrosothiols forn from thiols in the presence of nitrite under appropriate conditions (1,10) and are structural analogs of nitrous acid (HON==O) in which the hydroxyl group is relaced by an RS group.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Bacillus cereus spore outgrowth by covalent modification of a sulfhydryl group by nitrosothiol and iodoacetate

Morris¹,

Hansen²

1981

J Bacteriol

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Nitrosothiols with the general structure RSN-O were studied as a model system of bacteriostatic action toward outgrowing bacterial spores. With a Taft plot analysis, the influence of the structure of the R group on the inhibitory effectiveness of a series of nitrosothiols showed that effectiveness as an inhibitor of Bacillus cereus T outgrowth correlated with the electron withdrawal of R, but that size, shape, charge, hydrophobicity, and transportability had little influence. This was interpreted to mean that nitrosothiols do not traverse the membrane to act. The Taft plot together with competition data between nitrosothiol and iodoacetate indicated that the mode of nitrosothiol action is the covalent modification of a sulflhydryl group, probably to form RSN(OH)-SX, where -SX is derived from a sensitive spore sulflhydryl group. Cooperativity effects indicated that outgrowth inhibition is accompanied by a conformational change occurring upon sulflhydryl group modification, which is communicated among at least three to five subunits. Uptake of label during spore germination indicated that most of the sulfhydryl groups which can be modified are associated with the inhibitory event. These data suggest that this sulfhydryl group may be sufficiently unique that inhibitors designed to interfere specifically with it could have value as bacteriostatic agents.

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confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Bacillus cereus spore outgrowth by covalent modification of a sulfhydryl group by nitrosothiol and iodoacetate

Morris¹,

Hansen²

1981

J Bacteriol

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“…The heat-derived an identical inhibitor from either fraction is inactivated by with only exposure to air for 5 h and can be reactivated by reheating the solution. Some of the properties of iordan et al the DT have been presented elsewhere (8).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the nitrosothiol inhibitors (12,14) and the heat-derived inhibitor (8) (Fig. 1) display similar reversibility of action and highly cooperative concentration-activity effects.…”

Section: Imount Wasmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…This study of precursor compounds was chosen in lieu of studies of the bacteriostatic product itself, because it is quite unstable. In our earlier work, we characterized some of the properties of a low-molecular-weight precursor isolated from tryptone, which is a pancreatic digest of casein (8). We now present studies of highermolecular-weight components of tryptone.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Lactoferrin and transferrin fragments react with nitrite to form an inhibitor of Bacillus cereus spore outgrowth

Custer¹,

Hansen²

1983

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Tryptone is a pancreatic digest of casein which contains a heterogeneous mixture of substances that react with nitrite when heated in the presence of sodium thioglycolate to form a bacteriostatic agent which inhibits outgrowth of Bacillus cereus T spores. The substances which are precursors to the bacteriostatic agent can be fractionated on the basis of molecular size and charge and have properties which indicate that they are fragments of lactoferrin, an iron-binding glycoprotein. The bacteriostatic agent could also be formed directly from purified lactoferrin after it had been subjected to proteolysis. Transferrin, an analogous iron-binding protein found in animal serum, also showed these same properties. This system may be a useful model for studies of the mechanism and site of nitrite bacteriostatic action.

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“…Studying the effects on these bacterial spores is appropriate, since a primary value of nitrite as a food preservative is its ability to protect against the toxic effects caused by growth of bacterial sporeformers (1). Results obtained with these analogs indicated that the bacteriostatic mechanism involves covalent attachment of the analog to membrane sulfhydryl groups of germinated spores (5,(8)(9)(10)(11)). If S-nitrosothiols are a suitable model for the study of nitrite action, we should obtain similar results with nitrite.…”

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Modification of membrane sulfhydryl groups in bacteriostatic action of nitrite

Buchman¹,

Hansen²

1987

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The mechanism by which nitrite inhibits outgrowing spores of Bacillus cereus T was examined by using techniques developed earlier for nitrite analogs. The morphological stage of inhibition, cooperativity effects, effect of pH on inhibition, kinetics of protection against iodoacetate incorporation into membrane sulfhydryl groups, and protection against the bacteriocidal effect of carboxymethylation by iodoacetate indicate that nitrite acts as a membrane-directed sulfhydryl agent. The mechanism by which nitrite modifies the chemical reactivity of the sulfhydryl group could be either direct covalent modification or inactivation through communication with another modified membrane component. Profiles of pH effects suggest that the active agent is the protonated form of nitrite. The nitrite concentrations which modify membrane sulfhydryl activity coincide with those which have a bacteriostatic effect. These results are consistent with membrane sulflydryl modification as a component of the mechanism of nitrite-induced bacteriostasis in this aerobic sporeformer.

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Effect of Some Inhibitors Derived from Nitrite on Macromolecular Synthesis in Bacillus cereus

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Inhibition of Bacillus cereus spore outgrowth by covalent modification of a sulfhydryl group by nitrosothiol and iodoacetate

Inhibition of Bacillus cereus spore outgrowth by covalent modification of a sulfhydryl group by nitrosothiol and iodoacetate

Lactoferrin and transferrin fragments react with nitrite to form an inhibitor of Bacillus cereus spore outgrowth

Modification of membrane sulfhydryl groups in bacteriostatic action of nitrite

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