Studies of the Mortality of Atomic Bomb Survivors, Report 14, 1950–2003: An Overview of Cancer and Noncancer Diseases

Abstract

This is the 14th report in a series of periodic general reports on mortality in the Life Span Study (LSS) cohort of atomic bomb survivors followed by the Radiation Effects Research Foundation to investigate the late health effects of the radiation from the atomic bombs. During the period 1950-2003, 58% of the 86,611 LSS cohort members with DS02 dose estimates have died. The 6 years of additional follow-up since the previous report provide substantially more information at longer periods after radiation exposure (17% more cancer deaths), especially among those under age 10 at exposure (58% more deaths). Poisson regression methods were used to investigate the magnitude of the radiation-associated risks, the shape of the dose response, and effect modification by gender, age at exposure, and attained age. The risk of all causes of death was positively associated with radiation dose. Importantly, for solid cancers the additive radiation risk (i.e., excess cancer cases per 10 4 person-years per Gy) continues to increase throughout life with a linear dose-response relationship. The sex-averaged excess relative risk per Gy was 0.42 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.32, 0.53] for all solid cancer at age 70 years after exposure at age 30 based on a linear model. The risk increased by about 29% per decade decrease in age at exposure (95% CI: 17%, 41%). The estimated lowest dose range with a significant ERR for all solid cancer was 0 to 0.20 Gy, and a formal dose-threshold analysis indicated no threshold; i.e., zero dose was the best estimate of the threshold. The risk of cancer mortality increased significantly for most major sites, including stomach, lung, liver, colon, breast, gallbladder, esophagus, bladder and ovary, whereas rectum, pancreas, uterus, prostate and kidney parenchyma did not have significantly increased risks. An increased risk of non-neoplastic diseases including the circulatory, respiratory and digestive systems was observed, but whether these are causal relationships requires further investigation. There was no evidence of a radiation effect for infectious or external causes of death.

Diagnostic imaging and radiation exposure in inflammatory bowel disease

“…In this large cohort of survivors, the rates of solid cancer deaths were positively associated with higher radiation doses and younger age of exposure [4,5] . In a 2012 study of the atomic bomb survivors, the relative risk of solid cancers increased by 29% per decade decrease in the initial age of radiation exposure [5] . Younger people appear to be inherently more radiosensitive, and have more remaining life-years during which a cancer may develop [4] .…”

The Hiroshima/Nagasaki Survivor Studies: Discrepancies Between Results and General Perception

“…It would be wrong, however, to assume that all survivors are hit by this disease, since even in this group the fraction affected is slightly above 20%, less than one-third of this being attributable to radiation exposure. The most recent report on the LSS cohort of survivors (Ozasa et al 2012), covering the period up to 2003 (by which This is a simplified version of Table 9 in Preston et al (2007), which tabulates all cancers observed from 1958 through 1998 among 105,427 LSS cohort members. LSS, Life Span Study.…”

Dosis acumulada en tomografía computada 2014-2017: análisis descriptivo de una población del Hospital de Clínicas

“…El riesgo de desarrollar cáncer con radiaciones a bajas dosis se ha estudiado en base a sobrevivientes de las bombas atómicas de Hiroshima y Nagasaki y en trabajadores que sufrieron accidentes con materiales radiactivos (18,19) . Los estudios epidemiológicos realizados en poblaciones expuestas a la radiación han mostrado un aumento significativo del riesgo de cáncer con dosis superiores a 100 mSv (19)(20)(21)(22)(23) .…”

“…Los estudios epidemiológicos realizados en poblaciones expuestas a la radiación han mostrado un aumento significativo del riesgo de cáncer con dosis superiores a 100 mSv (19)(20)(21)(22)(23) .…”