Studi Pendahuluan Cemaran Air Limbah Rumah Potong Hewan di Kota Mataram

Abstract

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui cemaran baku mutu air limbah Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) Sapi dan Ayam di Kota Mataram. Semua hasil melebihi baku mutu kecuali nilai pH. Kandungan ALT rerata air limbah RPH sapi 284004 x 10 4 koloni/ml dan mengandung mikroba jenis E.coli dan Salmonella. Sedangkan air limbah RPH ayam ALT rerata 101596 x 10 5 koloni/ml dan mengandung kuman jenis E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Klebsiella pneumoniae. Tingginya kandungan BOD, COD, TSS, ammonia, pH, minyak dan lemak maupun cemaran mikroba diduga disebabkan tidak difungsikannya Instalasi Pengolahan Limbah (IPAL) pada RPH sapi dan tidak optimalnya fungsi IPAL di RPH ayam. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine the contamination of waste water quality standard and microbiologic contamination ofcattle and chicken slaughterhousein Mataram city. TPC average content of waste water of cattle slaughterhouse was 284004 x 10 4 colonies/ ml, and contained microbial species of E. coli and Salmonella. However, the TPC avarange of wastewater of chicken slaughterhouse accounted for 101596 x 10 5 colonies/ml and contained microbial species of E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. High content of BOD, COD, TSS, ammonia, pH, oil and fats as well as microbial contamination may relate to disfunctionality of Waste Water Treatment Installation (IPAL) in cattle slaughterhouse and too less optimum function of the IPAL in chicken slaughterhouse.

Preliminary Study of Contamination Wastewater on Environment in Slaughterhouse of Merauke City

“…The pH value of wastewater in the cow RPH shows an average value of 6.3 this value in accordance with the established standard quality standard that is pH 6 -9. The pH value in this study is lower than the pH value in [1] ie 6.60. Ammonia content in wastewater in RPH was 20.80 mg / l. The results of this study were lower than [1], which was 28.44 mg / l. This difference is thought to be due to unequal amounts of cuts as well as the RPHs in Merauke have separate waste water reservoirs.…”

“…The pH value in this study is lower than the pH value in [1] ie 6.60. Ammonia content in wastewater in RPH was 20.80 mg / l. The results of this study were lower than [1], which was 28.44 mg / l. This difference is thought to be due to unequal amounts of cuts as well as the RPHs in Merauke have separate waste water reservoirs. The total plate value (ALT) in the Beef cattle RPH wastewater is high (table 2), the high ALT value can be made possible by the use of ALT in waste water.…”

“…TTS level of waste water in Beef cattle RPH averaged 305 mg / l, this result is higher than predetermined standard quality standard. However, the results of this study were lower than [1] ie 612 mg / l. High levels of TSS will cause water contamination, high TSS levels in excess of quality standards in all types of waste water allegedly due to the contents of rumen contents, stomach contents, blood intestinal contents and others. This can be seen from the color of RPH waste that is dark brown to dark red and emits a foul and fishy odor.…”

“…The sample test was conducted as many as 6 replications, the data analysis was done descriptively by comparing the results with the quality raw materials that have been set in accordance with the standard. The average BOD concentration in Beef cattle waste water in RPH is 13 times higher than the standard of quality of 1329 mg / l. This study is lower than the results obtained by [1], which is 1451 mg / l. BOD content in waste water can be interpreted that the higher the BOD value, the more pollutants present in the water. The value of BOD in water can be derived by several methods by using biofilter.…”

“…According to [10] an alternative way can be done to reduce the levels of organic substances using anaerob-aerobic combination biofilter that has been able to reduce BOD content of 72.56-91.65% from 1198.5 mg / l to 782 , 6 mg / l. Research conducted by [10] lowers BOD levels of RPH waste water by passing waste water on plastic bottle media that serves as a place to attach microbial aerobes and anaerobes and form biofilter that can lower BOD levels. Mean of COD content in wastewater at RPH 2200 mg / l, this result is higher than standard quality that has been determined, but this result is higher than research of [1] that is 1862 mg / l. According to [7] COD levels in waste water at slaughterhouses in the study ranged from 1750 to 5900 mg / l. High levels of COD show the high amount of oxygen needed to oxidize all the organic and inorganic chemicals in the wastewater sample. In addition to reducing the COD value in waste water can be done with microbes, according to [9] states that by embedding the microbes in gravel to form biofilter in aerobic and anaerobic conditions can reduce BOD, COD and TTS up to 65% in BOD and 29.21% in COD.…”