Studi Fenomenologi Pengalaman Keluarga dalam Merawat Pasien Paska Pasung

Abstract

Latar belakang : Pasien pasung yang dirawat di RSJ dan dikembalikan kepada keluarga masih mengalami pemasungan ulang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguraikan pengalaman keluarga dalam merawat pasien paska pasung, menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi.
 Metode : Teknik pengambilan partisipan menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi caregiver yang mempunyai anggota keluarga pernah dipasung sebelum dirawat di RSJ dan pernah atau sedang mengalami pemasungan ulang, mampu berkomunikasi dengan baik dan bersedia menjadi partisipan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara mendalam dan menggunakan catatan lapangan terhadap tujuh partisipan.
 Hasil : Hasil wawancara dianalisa dengan menggunakan langkah analisa Creswell dan ditemukan 5 tema sebagai hasil penelitian. Tema-tema yang dihasilkan adalah kelelahan fisik dan pergolakan emosi keluarga sebagai dampak merawat, kesulitan keluarga dalam manajemen beban, perilaku agresif sebagai alasan pemasungan ulang, bentuk dukungan internal dan eksternal pada keluarga dalam merawat dan peningkatan pemahaman spiritualitas keluarga sebagai hikmah merawat.
 Simpulan : Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa keluarga pasien paska pasung mengalami beban emosional dan kelelahan fisik yang menjadi alasan terjadinya pemasungan ulang. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini diharapkan perawat jiwa mengembangkan pelayanan keperawatan jiwa di masyarakat dengan memberikan pendidikan kesehatan tentang cara menangani pasien gangguan jiwa dengan perilaku agresif sehingga mencegah terjadinya perilaku pemasungan oleh keluarga.

The use of pasung for people with mental illness: a systematic review and narrative synthesis

“…Laila et al [41] reported that PWMD with aggressive or violent behaviour were five times more likely to be subjected to pasung than non-aggressive PWMD. The study by Reknoningsih, Daulima and Putri [50] echoed the above finding and restated that aggressive behaviour led the family to use pasung on more than one occasion with relatives. Other studies confirmed that violence was a reason for the family to use pasung [3,47].…”

“…Traditional and faith healers remained highly popular despite the routine maltreatment of the mentally ill in their facilities. Caution is suggested when taking a moral perspective on rights and responsibilities in the context of pasung use in this context, as this may be used to justify the maltreatment of people with mental illness, as this research has suggested 35 Reknoningsih (2014) [50] Most caregivers were poorly educated (primary level and not educated). There were five themes: 1.…”

“…The sense of being ignored due to stigma. The patient felt being exiled, sad and trauma because of stigma 50 Yusuf and Tristiana (2018) [10] 1. Most of the caregivers were parents, followed by spouse and other relatives.…”

“…Carers of PWMD in pasung were reportedly poorly educated [50]. Reknoningsih, Daulima and Putri [50] furthermore highlighted that family were predominantly female, usually the mother, aged above 50, and some were unemployed or were a daily hire worker such as a gardener or farmer.…”

“…Carers of PWMD in pasung were reportedly poorly educated [50]. Reknoningsih, Daulima and Putri [50] furthermore highlighted that family were predominantly female, usually the mother, aged above 50, and some were unemployed or were a daily hire worker such as a gardener or farmer. Similarly, three further articles described the carer as uneducated or as having a low level of education [10,54,56] and living in a rural area.…”