Structure, distribution of species and inundation in a riparian forest of Rio Paraguai, Pantanal, Brazil

Junior, Geraldo Alves Damasceno; Semir, João; Santos, Flávio Antonio Maës dos; Leitão-Filho, Hermógenes de Freitas

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2004.09.002

Cited by 106 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Studies using multivariate techniques have further indicated that swamp forests differ floristically from flooded riparian forests, mainly due to differences in flooding regimes (Rodrigues & Nave 2004;Silva et al 2007). Even within a single site, differences in topography, flooding intensity and soil conditions affect the spatial distribution of species and promote phytosociological variation (Keel & Prance 1979;Vilela et al 2000;Sztutman & Rodrigues 2002;Damasceno-Junior et al 2005;Scarano 2006;Teixeira et al 2008). The floristic differences related to this great heterogeneity of ecological conditions were responsible for the low similarity between various Brazilian floodplain forests and the swamp forest studied here, as well as for the relatively high species richness found in our study area, in comparison with other swamps (Tab.…”

Section: Phytogeographic Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Structure and phytogeographic relationships of swamp forests of Southeast Brazil

2013

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Swamp forests are associated with soils that are saturated or inundated because of a high water table. In Brazil, little is known about the plant ecology of such forests. In this paper, we aimed to describe the phytosociological structure of the tree layer of swamp forests in Restinga de Jurubatiba National Park, in the northern part of the state of Rio de Janeiro, and to evaluate the floristic similarities between these forests and some other possibly related types of vegetation formations in Brazil. The sampling included 84 species, within 62 genera and 34 families. The Shannon diversity index was 3.42, and the Shannon evenness index was 0.77. The forests studied showed an oligarchic structure; Tapirira guianensis, Calophyllum brasiliense and Protium icicariba were the most important species. Oligarchy, or monodominance, and relatively low species richness are the norm in the swamp forests of southeastern Brazil and result from the strong selective character of the saturated/inundated soils. In comparison with local areas of restinga (coastal woodland), Atlantic Forest sensu stricto, other swamp forests and flooded riparian forests, the similarity was low (Jaccard similarity coefficient < 0.25). In addition to the similar ecological conditions, geographic proximity was a key factor determining the patterns of similarity found. Our results indicate that the swamp forests of southeastern Brazil do not represent a distinguishable floristic unit, due to sources of local variation, notably migration and the establishment of adaptive species from neighboring vegetation formations (some 70% of the species surveyed).

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Section: Phytogeographic Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Structure and phytogeographic relationships of swamp forests of Southeast Brazil

2013

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“…The ecological role of fire in SDTF, growing primarily to the west of LLG today, in the Chiquitanía region of eastern Bolivia, remains uncertain due to the paucity of suitable palaeo archives (lake and bog sediments) in this landscape. North and east of LLG are the Pantanal tropical wetlands, which are a mosaic landscape dominated by seasonally flooded savannas and riparian gallery forests, and shaped by regularly occurring floods and occasional wildfires [9,18,37].…”

Section: Results and Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire, climate and vegetation linkages in the Bolivian Chiquitano seasonally dry tropical forest

Power

Whitney

Mayle

et al. 2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 24 to a discussion meeting issue 'The interaction of fire and mankind'. South American seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTFs) are critically endangered, with only a small proportion of their original distribution remaining. This paper presents a 12 000 year reconstruction of climate change, fire and vegetation dynamics in the Bolivian Chiquitano SDTF, based upon pollen and charcoal analysis, to examine the resilience of this ecosystem to drought and fire. Our analysis demonstrates a complex relationship between climate, fire and floristic composition over multi-millennial time scales, and reveals that moisture variability is the dominant control upon community turnover in this ecosystem. Maximum drought during the Early Holocene, consistent with regional drought reconstructions, correlates with a period of significant fire activity between 8000 and 7000 cal yr BP which resulted in a decrease in SDTF diversity. As fire activity declined but severe regional droughts persisted through the Middle Holocene, SDTFs, including Anadenanthera and Astronium, became firmly established in the Bolivian lowlands. The trend of decreasing fire activity during the last two millennia promotes the idea among forest ecologists that SDTFs are threatened by fire. Our analysis shows that the Chiquitano seasonally dry biome has been more resilient to Holocene changes in climate and fire regime than previously assumed, but raises questions over whether this resilience will continue in the future under increased temperatures and drought coupled with a higher frequency anthropogenic fire regime.This article is part of the themed issue 'The interaction of fire and mankind'.

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“…Nunes da Cunha and Junk (2001) investigated the distribution of woody plant communities in the northern part of the Pantanal near the city of Poconé in terms of habitat preference and found approximately 40 flood-resistant tree species, most of them showing a wide distribution range on the topographic gradient, from areas with prolonged flooding to dry habitats that become flooded only during extreme flood events. Damasceno et al (2005) found 29 flood-resistant tree species ≥10.0 cm dbh (diameter at breast height) in seasonally inundated riparian forests of the Paraguay River near Corumbá in an area totalling 1.08 ha. The species associations of these flood-resistant species is clearly linked to the position of trees along the flooding gradient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The seasonally inundated vegetation consists of grasslands and different forest types. Studies on the floristic composition of seasonally inundated forests within the Pantanal were performed, for example, by Prance and Schaller (1982), Pott and Pott (1994), Nunes da Cunha and Junk (2001), and Damasceno et al (2005). Periodically inundated forests within the Pantanal are often mono-dominant, or composed of a few co-dominant species (Pott and Pott 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Periodically inundated forests within the Pantanal are often mono-dominant, or composed of a few co-dominant species (Pott and Pott 1994). Riparian forests, which accompany the main rivers and the secondary riverchannels, were described as the most species-rich inundation forests within the Pantanal (Pott and Pott 1994;Damasceno et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tree Species Composition, Structure, and Aboveground Wood Biomass of a Riparian Forest of the Lower Miranda River, Southern Pantanal, Brazil

et al. 2008

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The aboveground wood biomass (AWB) of tropical forests plays an important role in the global carbon cycle, and local AWB estimates provide essential data that enable the extrapolation of biomass stocks to ecosystem or biome-wide carbon cycle modelling. Few AWB estimates exist in Neotropical freshwater floodplains, where tree species distribution and forest structure depend on the height and duration of periodic inundations. We investigated tree species composition, forest structure, wood specific gravity, and AWB of trees ≥10 cm dbh in 16 plots totalling an area of 1 ha in a seasonally inundated riparian forest of the lower Miranda River, southern Pantanal, Brazil. The 443 tree individuals belonged to 46 species. Four species (Inga vera, Ocotea suaveolens, Tabebuia heptaphylla and Cecropia pachystachya) comprised more than 50% of the Total Importance Values (TIV), and floristic similarities between the plots averaged 38%. Although we detected an overall increase in species diversity correlated with decreasing flood levels, the most important tree species had almost identical distribution patterns Folia Geobot (2008) /ha), and the tree heights averaged 10.9±1.4 m. Multiplying the individual basal areas by individual tree heights and a form factor of 0.6, we estimated the aboveground wood volume (AWV) for each individual, and for each plot (24.4±11.7 m 3 , 391.1±188 m 3 /ha). Wood specific gravity (SG) varied between 0.39 g/cm 3 (Cecropia pachystachya) and 0.87 g/cm 3 (Tabebuia heptaphylla), with a stand level average of 0.63±0.12 g/cm 3 . Multiplying the individual AWV with species SG, we estimated the plot AWB to be 16.2±6.4 Mg (259.4±102 Mg/ha). This value is comparable to that reported for late-successional forest stands of Amazonian floodplain forests, and it is close to the worldwide tropical average AWB. Because tree heights in the present forest were comparatively low when compared to other Neotropical forests, we found that resprouting of stems accounted for comparatively high basal areas. We argue that stem resprouting is an adaptation of tree species originating in non-flooded Cerrado to the seasonal inundations of riparian forests.

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Structure, distribution of species and inundation in a riparian forest of Rio Paraguai, Pantanal, Brazil

Cited by 106 publications

References 33 publications

Structure and phytogeographic relationships of swamp forests of Southeast Brazil

Structure and phytogeographic relationships of swamp forests of Southeast Brazil

Fire, climate and vegetation linkages in the Bolivian Chiquitano seasonally dry tropical forest

Tree Species Composition, Structure, and Aboveground Wood Biomass of a Riparian Forest of the Lower Miranda River, Southern Pantanal, Brazil

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