“…Recently, zinc oxide (ZnO) being a member of II-VI group has attracted much attention due to its potential applications in diverse fields (Vijayaprasath et al, 2016;Kittilstved et al, 2006). For instance, ZnO with a direct wide-band gap (in bulk form, 3.37 eV at 300 K), large exciton binding energy (60 meV), remarkable piezoelectric, electro-optic properties, and great chemical stability, (Bappaditya et al, 2015;Dietl, 2007;Pearton et al, 2005) has received eminent attention for its electronic and photonic applications (Yildirimcan et al, 2016) such as photodetectors (Kind et al, 2002), photodiodes (Lee et al, 2002), light emitting diodes (Saito et al, 2002), surface acoustic wave filters (Emanetoglu et al, 1999), photonic crystals (Chen et al, 2000), optical modulator waveguides (Koch et al, 1995), room-temperature ultraviolent (UV) lasers (Huang et al, 2001), gas sensors (Mitra et al, 1998;Godavarti et al, 2017), and solar cells and flat panel displayers (Law et al, 2005;Martinson et al, 2007;Shoushtari et al, 2017;El-Hilo et al, 2009;Ellmer et al, 2008).…”