The electronic coupling between a robust red algal photosystem I (PSI) associated with its light harvesting antenna (LHCI) and nanocrystalline n‐type semiconductors, TiO2 and hematite (α‐Fe2O3) is utilized for fabrication of the biohybrid dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSC). PSI‐LHCI is immobilized as a structured multilayer over both semiconductors organized as highly ordered nanocrystalline arrays, as evidenced by FE‐SEM and XRD spectroscopy. Of all the biohybrid DSSCs examined, α‐Fe2O3/PSI‐LHCI biophotoanode operates at a highest quantum efficiency and generates the largest open circuit photo­current compared to the tandem system based on TiO2/PSI‐LHCI material. This is accomplished by immobilization of the PSI‐LHCI complex with its reducing side towards the hematite surface and nanostructuring of the PSI‐LHCI multilayer in which the subsequent layers of this complex are organized in the head‐to‐tail orientation. The biohybrid PSI‐LHCI‐DSSC is capable of sustained photoelectrochemical H2 production upon illumination with visible light above 590 nm. Although the solar conversion efficiency of the PSI‐LHCI/hematite DSSC is currently below a practical use, the system provides a blueprint for a genuinely green solar cell that can be used for molecular hydrogen production at a rate of 744 μmoles H2 mg Chl−1 h−1, placing it amongst the best performing biohybrid solar‐to‐fuel nanodevices.

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ZnO nanomaterials was synthesized via a hydrothermal route and characterized with several methods such as XRD, TG/DTA, FT-IR, FE-SEM, TEM and EPR in order to investigate the effect of growing time and Mn doping on the defects which occurred.

Fine particles with a characteristic size smaller than 100 nm (i.e. nanoparticlesspread out in nowadays life. Silicon or Si, is one of the most abundant chemical elements found on the Earth. Its oxide forms, such as silicate (SiO4) and silicon dioxide, also known as silica (SiO2), are the main constituents of sand and quartz contributing to 90% of the Earth's crust. In this work, three genotoxicity systems "sister chromatid exchange, cytokinesis block micronucleus test and single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay" were employed to provide further insight into the cytotoxic and mutagenic/genotoxic potential of SiO2 nanoparticules (particle size 6 nm, 20 nm, 50 nm) in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes as in vitro. It was observed that there is a significant decrease in Mitotic index (MI), Cytokinesis block proliferation index (CBPI), proliferation index (PRI) values expressed as Cell Kinetic parameters compared with negative control (p < 0.05). There is a statistically significant difference between negative control culture and culture exposed to SiO2 (6 nm, 20 nm, 50 nm) (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). It is found that SiO2 nanoparticles at different size (6, 20, 50 nm) progressively increased the SCE frequency and DNA damage on the basis the AU values compared with negative control (p < 0.05). Results showed that the genotoxic/mutagenic and cytotoxic effects of SiO2 nanoparticules is dependent to particule size.