Strip thick-film silver ion-selective electrodes

Tymecki, Łukasz; Zwierkowska, Elżbieta; Głąb, Stanisław; Koncki, Robert

doi:10.1016/s0925-4005(03)00622-1

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Screen printing seems to be one of the most promising technologies providing high versatility, reproducibility, and large‐scale production for commercialization. SPEs have been used for the potentiometric determination of various species using different commercial printing inks;20–22 however, the ink compositions are usually unknown in many respects and some of the ink components may interfere with the electrochemical measurements 23. Homemade printing ink (prepared by mixing carbon powder, plasticizer, and binding material) was optimized and successfully applied for fabrication of potentiometric SPCEs sensors 24, 25…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards disposable sensors for drug quality control: Dextromethorphan screen‐ printed electrodes

Khaled

Hassan

Mohamed

et al. 2010

Drug Testing and Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A simple, rapid, reliable, and reproducible method for mass production of disposable sensors using screen-printing technology is described. Homemade printing has been characterized and optimized on the basis of effects of the modifier and plasticizers. The fabricated bi-electrode potentiometric strip containing both working and reference electrode was used as dextromethorphan (DXM) sensor. The proposed sensors worked satisfactorily in the concentration range from 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻² mol L⁻¹ with detection limit reaching 6 × 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹ and adequate shelf life of 8 months. DXM was determined in pharmaceutical formulations under batch and flow injection analysis (FIA) conditions with sampling output 120 h⁻¹.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards disposable sensors for drug quality control: Dextromethorphan screen‐ printed electrodes

Khaled

Hassan

Mohamed

et al. 2010

Drug Testing and Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The weak response below the threshold of silver ion-selective electrodes based on a thick film of silver sulfide has been attributed to the weakly defined presence of impurities in background electrolyte and to the adsorption of silver ions on the walls of containers, which may become significant at low Ag + concentrations. 19,20 Of these, adsorption to container walls in the time scale of the experiment must in our case be rejected, since it cannot be affected by the entrapment of the dopant in the CR@Ag electrode. Tani et al found in their research of CuS/Ag 2 S membranes that the presence of oxygen had a detrimental effect on the sensitivity of the membranes to Cu 2+ ions, especially in solutions containing triethylenetetramine (trien).…”

Section: Scheme 1 Working Electrode Setupmentioning

confidence: 97%

Organics@metals as the Basis for a Silver/Doped-Silver Electrochemical Cell

Sinai

Avnir

2011

Chem. Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUNDWork in recent years-first described in this journal 1 -involving the irreversible entrapment of organic molecules, polymers, catalysts, and enzymes in metal matrixes has led to the establishment of a new family of composite materials, the organics@metals family. 2À7 To allow the intact entrapment of the organic element, termed a "dopant", a room-temperature, one-pot methodology has been developed. This involves the reduction of metal ions from solution, which leads to the formation of metal nanocrystallites and subsequently to their aggregation into mesoporous, metallic matrixes. The products preserve some of their metal properties such as metallic sheen and crystalline tight-packed structure. The porosity is primarily interstitial, that is, pores are formed in between tightly aggregated, pure-metal crystals. As a result of being present in the solution of metal ions before and during reduction and aggregation, the dopant is incorporated intact into inter-crystallite cages. Furthermore, its removal by subsequent washing with the solvent used for the synthesis is rendered practically impossible, despite the fact that the dopant is originally soluble in this solvent. This is termed "entrapment". However, dopants have been found to remain accessible, via diffusion through the metal matrix pore system, to extraction with more effective solvents 1,6,8 and to reactions with external reagents. 1,3,4,9,10 So far, entrapment of a variety of organic molecules has been successfully achieved in several different metals, from aqueous and organic media, and with reduction carried out by homogeneous reductants (e.g., sodium hypophosphite 1 or N,N-dimethylformamide 11 ), by dispersed metal powders according to the electrochemical series, 8 or electrolytically. 6 The diversity of these conditions demonstrates the ubiquity of the entrapment phenomenon. The amount of organic content varies according to synthesis conditions, but is generally estimated to be about 1% weight, or a few hundred metal atoms per one organic unit, and at most about 10% in weight. 11 Entrapment allows the fine-tuning of metal properties and their tailoring with induced properties from the huge selection of organic and biological molecules at the disposal of science today. Several studies have demonstrated the alteration of the metal matrix' physical properties: the metal composite's electrical conductivity has been shown to be a function of its loading and the nature of the dopant, 5,11 and the entrapment of chiral dopants has led to the induction of chirality in bulk metal (which is of course normally achiral). 4,12 In addition, it has been found that the inherent catalytic behavior of a metal may be modified by doping. 4,13 In this research, it is demonstrated that the electrode behavior of a metal, and in particular its apparent electrode potential, may also be altered by doping it with an organic element. This is done mainly through the examination of potentiometric and voltammetric behavior of silver, pure or doped with Congo red (CR). Th...

show abstract

“…Membranes of solid-state electrodes for copper (II) and silver ions were made of graphite paste, doped with metal sulphide: Cu 2 S [6,7] and Ag 2 S [8], respectively. Analytical parameters of these sensors are comparable with those reported for conventional potentiometric electrodes.…”

Section: Thick-film Ion-selective Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miniaturized, Planar Ion-selective Electrodes Fabricated by Means of Thick-film Technology

Tymecki¹,

Głąb²,

Koncki³

2006

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Various planar technologies are employed for developing solid-state sensors having low cost, small size and high reproducibility; thin-and thick-film technologies are most suitable for such productions. Screen-printing is especially suitable due to its simplicity, low-cost, high reproducibility and efficiency in large-scale production. This technology enables the deposition of a thick layer and allows precise pattern control. Moreover, this is a highly economic technology, saving large amounts of the used inks. In the course of repetitions of the film-deposition procedure there is no waste of material due to additivity of this thick-film technology. Finally, the thick films can be easily and quickly deposited on inexpensive substrates. In this contribution, thick-film ion-selective electrodes based on ionophores as well as crystalline ion-selective materials dedicated for potentiometric measurements are demonstrated. Analytical parameters of these sensors are comparable with those reported for conventional potentiometric electrodes. All mentioned thick-film strip electrodes have been totally fabricated in only one, fully automated thickfilm technology, without any additional manual, chemical or electrochemical steps. In all cases simple, inexpensive, commercially available materials, i.e. flexible, plastic substrates and easily cured polymer-based pastes were used.

show abstract

Strip thick-film silver ion-selective electrodes

Cited by 24 publications

References 22 publications

Towards disposable sensors for drug quality control: Dextromethorphan screen‐ printed electrodes

Towards disposable sensors for drug quality control: Dextromethorphan screen‐ printed electrodes

Organics@metals as the Basis for a Silver/Doped-Silver Electrochemical Cell

Miniaturized, Planar Ion-selective Electrodes Fabricated by Means of Thick-film Technology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About