Stress and Its Effects on Glucose Metabolism and 11-HSD Activities in Rats Fed on a Combination of High-Fat and High-Sucrose Diet with Glycyrrhizic Acid

Abstract

Chronic stress has been shown to have a strong link towards metabolic syndrome (MetS). Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) meanwhile has been shown to improve MetS symptoms caused by an unhealthy diet by inhibiting 11β-HSD 1. This experiment aimed to determine the effects of continuous, moderate-intensity stress on rats with and without GA intake on systolic blood pressure (SBP) across a 28-day period, as well as glucose metabolism, and 11β-HSD 1 and 2 activities at the end of the 28-day period. Adaptation to the stressor (as shown by SBP) resulted in no significant defects in glucose metabolism by the end of the experimental duration. However, a weakly significant increase in renal 11β-HSD 1 and a significant increase in subcutaneous adipose tissue 11β-HSD 1 activities were observed. GA intake did not elicit any significant benefit in glucose metabolism, indicating that the stress response may block its effects. However, GA-induced improvements in 11β-HSD activities in certain tissues were observed, although it is uncertain if these effects are manifested after adaptation due to the withdrawal of the stress response. Hence the ability of GA to improve stress-induced disturbances in the absence of adaptation needs to be investigated further.

Effects of walnut oil on metabolic profile and transcription factors in rats fed high‐carbohydrate‐/‐fat diets

“…glucotoxicity (Mendez-Sanchez et al, 2018;Mota, Banini, Cazanave, & Sanyal, 2016). It is known that the obese individuals are more prone to fatty liver diseases, and metabolic syndrome which was also reported to arise from the factors such as excessive intake of simple carbohydrates and fat gain via the consumption of high fat (HFD) and high carbohydrate diets (HCD) (Fernando, Chin, Ton, & Abdul Kadir, 2013;Molinar-Toribio et al, 2018;.…”

Developing ‘integrative’ zebrafish models of behavioral and metabolic disorders

“…For example, depression and anxiety have independent associations with increased adiposity [3,4], and the rates of obesity are higher in patients with depression, anxiety or schizophrenia (see [5] for a recent review). Pre-clinical studies [6,7] also support this notion, as various mammalian models (Table 1) are successfully used to mimic different pathological aspects of these disorders, their comorbidity and shared disturbed biological (neurotransmitter, endocrine and inflammation) pathways [5] (Figs. 1 and 2).…”

Neurorestorative Mulberries Potential of Alzheimer’s Disease in Animal Model

“…Serum AChE and Ep were measured by a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay according to the manufacturer's instructions [19]. The concentrations of brain NEp, DA, and serotonin (5-HT) were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection technique according to Zagrodzka et al [20].…”