Stress and health behaviour over the life course

Umberson, Debra; Hui, Liu; Reczek, Corinne

doi:10.1016/s1040-2608(08)00002-6

Cited by 77 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…There is, however, support for the common cause hypothesis (Bartley 1996;Gilman, Abrams and Buka 2002;Kuh and Hardy 2002;Montgomery et al 1996;Umberson, Lui and Reczek 2008). Socio-economic position is significantly associated with both the probability to smoke and the probability to become unemployed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…How do unemployment and smoking then relate through a common cause? Low childhood socio-economic position goes along with a greater exposure to unfavourable circumstances over the life course, which may, then, lead to low educational attainment, a low socio-economic position, as well as (personality) characteristics, which independently influence both smoking probability and unemployment probability (Bartley, Blane and Montgomery 1997;Gilman et al 2008;Heckman, Stixrud and Urzua 2006;Jusot et al 2008;Kuh et al 2003;Mckenzie et al 2011;Montgomery et al 1996;Umberson, Lui and Reczek 2008;Virtanen et al 2005). Considering that persons usually start to smoke in adolescence or early adulthood (Edelen, Tucker and Ellickson 2007), it is likely that social and economic circumstances in earlier life stages are particularly important, as they structure health behaviours, later life experiences, labour market opportunities and health (Cockerham 2007;Kuh et al 2003;Kuh and Hardy 2002;Mckenzie et al 2011;Pollitt, Rose and Kaufman 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, there is evidence that unemployment increases smoking probability for Sweden (Hammarstrom and Janlert 2003), with mixed evidence from the U.S. (Bolton and Rodriguez 2009;Falba et al 2005;Gallo et al 2005;Ryan, Zwerling and Jones 1996), Britain (Montgomery et al 1998;Morris, Cook and Shaper 1992), and Germany (Marcus 2012;Schunck and Rogge 2012) and no evidence for such a relation in Finland (Virtanen et al 2008) and Denmark (Osler 1995 Proponents of the causation hypothesis (see figure 1) have predominantly made reference to stress theory to account for health changes after job loss (Pearlin 1989;Thoits 1995;Umberson, Lui and Reczek 2008). They assume that unemployment increases psychological distress and individuals, in order to reduce this distress, draw on potentially health-damaging behaviours (De Vogli and Santinello 2005;Siegrist and Rodel 2006).…”

Section: Figure 1: Possible Mechanisms Relating Unemployment and Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strong social gradient in smoking behaviour is mirrored by a social gradient in the probability of becoming unemployed, as people from lower socio-economic positions smoke more often and also become unemployed more often (Chan and Goldthorpe 2007;Conrad, Flay and Hill 1992;Gilman, Abrams and Buka 2002;Link and Phelan 1996;Montgomery et al 1996;Phelan, Link and Tehranifar 2010;Umberson, Lui and Reczek 2008). This mechanism is captured by the following common cause hypothesis: (3) Smoking and unemployment are not directly causally connected.…”

Section: Figure 1: Possible Mechanisms Relating Unemployment and Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unemployment and Smoking: Causation, Selection, or Common Cause? - Evidence from Longitudinal Data

Schunck

Rogge²

2012

SSRN Journal

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research at DIW BerlinThis series presents research findings based either directly on data from the German SocioEconomic Panel Study (SOEP) or using SOEP data as part of an internationally comparable data set (e.g. CNEF, ECHP, LIS, LWS, CHER/PACO). SOEP is a truly multidisciplinary household panel study covering a wide range of social and behavioral sciences: economics, sociology, psychology, survey methodology, econometrics and applied statistics, educational science, political science, public health, behavioral genetics, demography, geography, and sport science.The decision to publish a submission in SOEPpapers is made by a board of editors chosen by the DIW Berlin to represent the wide range of disciplines covered by SOEP. There is no external referee process and papers are either accepted or rejected without revision. Papers appear in this series as works in progress and may also appear elsewhere. They often represent preliminary studies and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be requested from the author directly.Any opinions expressed in this series are those of the author(s) and not those of DIW Berlin.Research disseminated by DIW Berlin may include views on public policy issues, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. ABSTRACTBackground: This study investigates possible mechanisms that can explain the association between unemployment and smoking, that is a) unemployment increases smoking probability (causation), b) smoking increases the probability to become unemployed (selection), and c) differences in both smoking and unemployment probabilities trace back to differences in socio-economic position (common cause). Methods: Longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) from the years 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2006, and 2008 were used to examine the effect of unemployment on smoking probability and vice versa (65,823 observations from 18,735 respondents, aged 18-60 years). Effects were estimated by using random and fixed effects logistic panel regressions. Results:Results from the random effects logistic regression models suggest that unemployed have a higher probability to smoke and that smokers have a higher probability to become unemployed. However, the fixed effects models indicate that the observed associations are driven by unobse...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 1: Possible Mechanisms Relating Unemployment and Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 1: Possible Mechanisms Relating Unemployment and Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Unemployment and Smoking: Causation, Selection, or Common Cause? - Evidence from Longitudinal Data

Schunck

Rogge²

2012

SSRN Journal

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“…Moreover, as lifetime unemployment is significantly more prevalent in lower social strata (Chan and Goldthorpe 2007), it may constitute an important mechanism in the genesis of social inequalities in health (Umberson et al 2008). Yet, the relationship between health-related behaviours and unemployment is still under-researched.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No causal effect of unemployment on smoking? A German panel study

Schunck

Rogge

2012

Int J Public Health

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Objectives This study analyses the effects of different unemployment durations on smoking behaviour in Germany by investigating smoking take-up, relapse, quitting and smoking intensity. Methods Longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel from the years 1998, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2006, and 2008 were used to examine the effect of unemployment (52,940 observations from 17,028 respondents, aged 17-65 years). Unemployment duration was measured at 1-6, 7-12, 13-24, and 24+ months. Effects were estimated using zero-inflated negative binomial regressions and fixed effects logistic panel regressions. Results The zero-inflated negative binomial regression models suggest that the likelihood of smoking increases with unemployment, while smoking intensity is not affected. However, fixed effects logistic regression models demonstrate that unemployment is neither a significant predictor for taking up smoking, relapsing, nor quitting. Conclusions The results indicate that in Germany, there is no direct causal effect of unemployment on smoking behaviour. The observed relationship between smoking and unemployment appears to be driven by stable, unobserved differences between employed and unemployed respondents.

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Health Behavior vs the Stress of Low Socioeconomic Status and Health Outcomes

Dunn¹

2010

JAMA

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Stress and health behaviour over the life course

Cited by 77 publications

References 40 publications

Unemployment and Smoking: Causation, Selection, or Common Cause? - Evidence from Longitudinal Data

Unemployment and Smoking: Causation, Selection, or Common Cause? - Evidence from Longitudinal Data

No causal effect of unemployment on smoking? A German panel study

Health Behavior vs the Stress of Low Socioeconomic Status and Health Outcomes

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