Storage Stability and Antibacterial Activity of Eugenol Nanoliposomes Prepared by an Ethanol Injection–Dynamic High-Pressure Microfluidization Method

Abstract

Eugenol is a major phenolic component with diverse biological activities. However, it is difficult to formulate into an aqueous solution due to poor water solubility, and this limits its application. In the present study, eugenol nanoliposomes (EN) were prepared by combining the ethanol injection method with the dynamic high-pressure microfluidization method. Good physicochemical characterizations of EN were obtained. The successful encapsulation of eugenol in nanoliposomes was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. A good storage stability of EN was confirmed by its low variation of average particle diameter and encapsulation efficiency after 8 weeks of storage. No oil drops were found in EN after 8 weeks of storage at 4°C and at room temperature, which suggested that the poor water solubility of eugenol was overcome by nanoliposome encapsulation. Compared with that of eugenol solution, a relatively good sustained release property was observed in EN. The antibacterial activity of EN against four common foodborne pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes) was evaluated in both Luria broth and milk medium.

Nanoliposomes and Tocosomes as Multifunctional Nanocarriers for the Encapsulation of Nutraceutical and Dietary Molecules

“…There were no oil droplets after 2 months of storage at both room and refrigeration temperatures, which confirmed positive effect of nanoliposomes on promoting water solubility of the lipophilic eugenol. Moreover, the phospholipid vesicles provided sustained release properties for eugenol [107].…”

“…However, such activity was not observed for E. coli. In another research, Peng et al [107] successfully developed a nanoliposomal eugenol formulation using a mixture of phospholipids, cholesterol and Tween 80 via dynamic high-pressure microfluidization technique. The nanoliposomal formulation exhibited desirable properties and prolonged stability.…”

Antibacterial activity of free or encapsulated selected phenylpropanoids against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis

“…For hydroxypropyl CD derivatives, toxic concentrations are even higher (Bar and Ulitzur ; Hammoud et al ). Conventional liposomes were found to be inactive towards most bacteria as they present a low degree of interaction with cell envelopes (Peng et al ), but can be destabilized by particular bacteria like Staphyococcus aureus that produces some pore‐forming toxins (Cui et al ). Numerous studies reported an increase in antibacterial activity of EO compounds encapsulated in CDs and their derivatives (Liang et al ; Hill et al ; Santos et al ; Kim et al ; Maryam et al ), while others demonstrated a reduction in their activity upon encapsulation in these carriers (Nardello‐Rataj and Leclercq ), in liposomes (Peng et al ), or in other delivery systems (Shah et al ).…”

Preparation And Characterization Of Galanga Essential Oil Liposomes

“…The final concentration of galangal essential oil is 1 mg/mL. GEO nanoliposomes was obtained by the super-high pressure viscolizer (micro-jet, Langfang general machine Ltd, Langfang, China) at a pressure of 120 MPa [13].…”